La transformación tecnológico-digital de la Cooperación Sur-Sur y Triangular en Iberoamérica: caso de España y Costa Rica durante el período 2010-2020
Fecha
2023
Autores
Arévalo Chacón, Tatiana María
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La Cooperación Sur-Sur y Triangular representan una nueva visión en la que países en
desarrollo ofrecen sus conocimientos, experiencias y recursos técnicos con el fin de generar
intercambios mutuos. Sin embargo, considerando los constantes cambios percibidos
durante las últimas décadas sobre el uso e incorporación de tecnologías digitales impulsado
por la Industria 4.0, ambas modalidades han tenido que adaptarse a las condiciones
imperantes.
En este sentido, la presente investigación tiene como propósito analizar la forma en
la que las tecnologías digitales están transformando la Cooperación Sur-Sur y Triangular
en Iberoamérica, utilizando como referencia el caso de España y Costa Rica durante el
periodo 2010-2020
Para ello, se emplea un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, empleando fuentes
primarias y secundarias a través de técnicas documentales como entrevistas
semiestructuradas y recursos literarios de diversos tipos. Se fundamenta bajo el paradigma
constructivista y cuenta con un alcance exploratorio.
La Gobernanza Global como cimiento teórico en relaciones internacionales,
permite explicar el fenómeno de la transformación tecnológico-digital de la CSS y CT en
Iberoamérica, ya que expone a partir del ciclo de una norma, la manera en la que se
institucionaliza y operativiza una posterior cascada de normas proveniente de procesos de
toma de decisión de alto nivel y que consecuentemente, modifica agendas, estructuras
organizacionales, así como las herramientas mismas que se emplean en la formulación y
ejecución de la ayuda entre países en desarrollo de la región.
Finalmente, se proponen líneas de acción futuras y orientaciones que potencien el
cierre de brechas digitales y el aprovechamiento de las tecnologías digitales para impulsar
el desarrollo sostenible de Costa Rica y el resto de países del Sur Global iberoamericano.
South-South and Triangular Cooperation represent a new vision in which developing countries offer their knowledge, experiences and technical resources in order to generate mutual exchanges. However, considering the constant changes perceived during the last decades on the use and incorporation of digital technologies driven by Industry 4.0, both modalities have had to adapt to the prevailing conditions. In this sense, the present research aims to analyze the way in which digital technologies are transforming South-South and Triangular Cooperation in Ibero-America, using the case of Spain and Costa Rica during the period 2010-2020 as a reference. For this purpose, a qualitative methodological approach is used, employing primary and secondary sources through documentary techniques such as semi-structured interviews and literary resources of various types. It is based on the constructivist paradigm and has an exploratory scope. Global Governance as a theoretical foundation in international relations, allows explaining the phenomenon of the technological-digital transformation of SSC and TC in Ibero-America, since it exposes from the cycle of a norm, the way in which a subsequent cascade of norms coming from high-level decision-making processes is institutionalized and operationalized, and which consequently modifies agendas, organizational structures, as well as the very tools used in the formulation and execution of aid among developing countries in the region.Finally, future lines of action and orientations are proposed to enhance the closing of digital divides and the use of digital technologies to promote sustainable development in Costa Rica and the rest of the countries of the Ibero-American Global South.
South-South and Triangular Cooperation represent a new vision in which developing countries offer their knowledge, experiences and technical resources in order to generate mutual exchanges. However, considering the constant changes perceived during the last decades on the use and incorporation of digital technologies driven by Industry 4.0, both modalities have had to adapt to the prevailing conditions. In this sense, the present research aims to analyze the way in which digital technologies are transforming South-South and Triangular Cooperation in Ibero-America, using the case of Spain and Costa Rica during the period 2010-2020 as a reference. For this purpose, a qualitative methodological approach is used, employing primary and secondary sources through documentary techniques such as semi-structured interviews and literary resources of various types. It is based on the constructivist paradigm and has an exploratory scope. Global Governance as a theoretical foundation in international relations, allows explaining the phenomenon of the technological-digital transformation of SSC and TC in Ibero-America, since it exposes from the cycle of a norm, the way in which a subsequent cascade of norms coming from high-level decision-making processes is institutionalized and operationalized, and which consequently modifies agendas, organizational structures, as well as the very tools used in the formulation and execution of aid among developing countries in the region.Finally, future lines of action and orientations are proposed to enhance the closing of digital divides and the use of digital technologies to promote sustainable development in Costa Rica and the rest of the countries of the Ibero-American Global South.
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Palabras clave
AMÉRICA LATINA, APLICACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA, COMUNICACIÓN DIGITAL, COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL, COSTA RICA, ESPAÑA, DIGITAL COMMUNICATION, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, LATIN AMERICA, SPAIN, TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATION