Determinación de histamina en pescado por cromatografía líquida con detección ultravioleta
Fecha
2022
Autores
Villalobos Meneses, Natalia
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo de graduación fue determinar histamina por un método de cromatografía líquida de alta resolución acoplado a un detector de arreglo de diodos en pescado fresco, que incluyó etapas de validación tanto técnico-científica como económica. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de las metodologías de análisis de histamina en pescado fresco; desde determinaciones semicuantitativas de bajo costo y rápidas pero poco sensibles; hasta determinaciones cualitativas espectrofotométricas,
electroquímicas, cromatográficas validadas y de costos variables. Las etapas implicaron la selección y determinación de la naturaleza de la muestra, separación, extracción y ajuste de condiciones; se utilizó una fase móvil de acetonitrilo agua, columna y precolumna amino de 5 µm x 250 mm x 4.6 mm, detector ultravioleta con arreglos de diodos a una longitud de onda de 210 nm. En cuanto a los resultados de la validación se obtuvo un método selectivo, homocedástico con un rango lineal de 20.00 mg/kg a 200.00 mg/kg de histamina; la precisión instrumental y de método tienen un coeficiente de variación menor a 5.17 %. La exactitud promedio del método, valorada con respecto a la recuperación, fue de 88.92% con una incertidumbre expandida de ± 0.48 mg/L. Los límites de detección y cuantificación son 5.70 mg/kg y 19.20 mg/kg respectivamente. Asimismo, el método es robusto a variaciones leves de condiciones de análisis.
Posteriormente se determinó la rentabilidad comparando la metodología propuesta con la de AOAC International que es la que actualmente aplica el Servicio Nacional de Salud Animal; entre ellos el Valor Actual Neto y la Tasa de Retorno de Inversión las cuales fueron $ 163 230 y 56 % respectivamente para la metodología desarrollada y $ -67 512 y -21 % para la de la AOAC.
The objective of this graduation work was to determine histamine by a high resolution liquid chromatography method coupled to a diode array detector in fresh fish, which included both technical-scientific and economic validation stages. A bibliographic review of histamine analysis methodologies in fresh fish was carried out; from low-cost and rapid but not very sensitive semiquantitative determinations; up to qualitative spectrophotometric, electrochemical, validated chromatographic determinations and variable costs. The stages implied the selection and determination of the nature of the sample, separation, extraction and adjustment of conditions; A mobile phase of acetonitrile, water, column and amino pre-column of 5 µm x 250 mm x 4.6 mm, ultraviolet detector with diode arrays at a wavelength of 210 nm were used. Regarding the results of the validation, a selective, homoskedastic method was obtained with a linear range of 20.00 mg/kg to 200.00 mg/kg of histamine; instrumental and method precision have a coefficient of variation less than 5.17 %. The average accuracy of the method, assessed with respect to recovery, was 88.92% with an expanded uncertainty of ±0.48 mg/L. The detection and quantification limits are 5.70 mg/kg and 19.20 mg/kg respectively. Likewise, the method is robust to slight variations in analysis conditions. Subsequently, profitability was determined by comparing the proposed methodology with that of AOAC International, which is the one currently applied by the National Animal Health Service; among them the Net Present Value and the Rate of Return on Investment which were $163,230 and 56% respectively for the developed methodology and $ -67,512 and -21% for the AOAC methodology.
The objective of this graduation work was to determine histamine by a high resolution liquid chromatography method coupled to a diode array detector in fresh fish, which included both technical-scientific and economic validation stages. A bibliographic review of histamine analysis methodologies in fresh fish was carried out; from low-cost and rapid but not very sensitive semiquantitative determinations; up to qualitative spectrophotometric, electrochemical, validated chromatographic determinations and variable costs. The stages implied the selection and determination of the nature of the sample, separation, extraction and adjustment of conditions; A mobile phase of acetonitrile, water, column and amino pre-column of 5 µm x 250 mm x 4.6 mm, ultraviolet detector with diode arrays at a wavelength of 210 nm were used. Regarding the results of the validation, a selective, homoskedastic method was obtained with a linear range of 20.00 mg/kg to 200.00 mg/kg of histamine; instrumental and method precision have a coefficient of variation less than 5.17 %. The average accuracy of the method, assessed with respect to recovery, was 88.92% with an expanded uncertainty of ±0.48 mg/L. The detection and quantification limits are 5.70 mg/kg and 19.20 mg/kg respectively. Likewise, the method is robust to slight variations in analysis conditions. Subsequently, profitability was determined by comparing the proposed methodology with that of AOAC International, which is the one currently applied by the National Animal Health Service; among them the Net Present Value and the Rate of Return on Investment which were $163,230 and 56% respectively for the developed methodology and $ -67,512 and -21% for the AOAC methodology.
Descripción
Villalobos Meneses, N. (2022). Determinación de histamina en pescado por cromatografía líquida con detección ultravioleta. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Heredia, C.R.
Palabras clave
CROMATOGRAFÍA, PESCADO, CHROMATOGRAPHY, FISH, SALUD ANIMAL