Cobertura de pastos marinos asociado a factores ambientales, Parque Nacional Cahuita, Costa Rica
Fecha
2021
Autores
Martínez-Daranas, Beatriz
Álvarez S, Lilliana
Piedra Castro, Lilliana María
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Editor
Environment & Technology Foundation (Colombia)
Resumen
Los pastos marinos ofrecen diversos servicios ecosistémicos como la estabilización del sustrato, mejorando la calidad del agua. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el estado de la pradera de pastos marinos del Parque Nacional Cahuita en relación con las variables físico química y las condiciones atmosféricas en dos periodos de tiempo. Se escogieron tres sitios con tres transectos a diferentes profundidades separados por 25 metros. En cada uno, se muestrearon 11 parcelas, separadas entre ellas por 5 m. Se utilizaron marcos de 50 x 50 cm para medir la cobertura. Las variables ambientales fueron suministradas por el IMN. Con el programa Statistica versión 14, se realizaron las pruebas de normalidad, análisis no paramétricos de Kruskall- Wallis y Mann-Whitney para determinar la diferencia entre la cobertura de los sitios muestreados y fechas de muestreo. Con Arc Map 10.8, se realizó un mapa con gráficos circulares para obtener la cobertura. La salinidad presentó diferencias significativas en los tres sitios. La temperatura presentó diferencias significativas entre los dos periodos y entre los sitios T. testudinum fue la especie dominante y presentó los valores más altos en Punta Vargas y Punta Cahuita. Los pastos marinos han cambiado temporalmente en cuanto a la cobertura por especie, probablemente en respuesta a las variaciones entre los tres diferentes sitios en que se realizaron los muestreos. Se recomienda realizar estudios de nitratos y fosfatos para conocer la afectación en este ecosistema.
Seagrasses offer various ecosystem services such as substrate stabilization, improving water quality. The objective of this research was to analyze the state of the seagrass meadow of the Cahuita National Park in relation to the physicochemical variables and the atmospheric conditions in two time periods. Three sites were chosen with three transects at different depths separated by 25 meters. In each one, 11 plots were sampled, separated by 5 m. 50 x 50 cm frames were used to measure coverage. The environmental variables were supplied by the IMN. Using Statistica version 14, normality tests and Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney non- parametric analyses were performed to determine the difference between the coverage of the sampled sites and sampling dates. Using Arc Map 10.8, a map with pie charts was made to obtain coverage. Salinity presented significant differences in the three sites. Significant temperature significant differences between the two periods and between the sites. T. testudinum was the dominant species and presented the highest values in Punta Vargas and Punta Cahuita. Seagrass meadows have temporarily changed in terms of species coverage, probably in response to variations between the three different sampling sites. Nitrate and phosphate studies should be carried out to know the impact on this ecosystem.
Seagrasses offer various ecosystem services such as substrate stabilization, improving water quality. The objective of this research was to analyze the state of the seagrass meadow of the Cahuita National Park in relation to the physicochemical variables and the atmospheric conditions in two time periods. Three sites were chosen with three transects at different depths separated by 25 meters. In each one, 11 plots were sampled, separated by 5 m. 50 x 50 cm frames were used to measure coverage. The environmental variables were supplied by the IMN. Using Statistica version 14, normality tests and Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney non- parametric analyses were performed to determine the difference between the coverage of the sampled sites and sampling dates. Using Arc Map 10.8, a map with pie charts was made to obtain coverage. Salinity presented significant differences in the three sites. Significant temperature significant differences between the two periods and between the sites. T. testudinum was the dominant species and presented the highest values in Punta Vargas and Punta Cahuita. Seagrass meadows have temporarily changed in terms of species coverage, probably in response to variations between the three different sampling sites. Nitrate and phosphate studies should be carried out to know the impact on this ecosystem.
Descripción
Palabras clave
FANERÓGAMAS MARINAS, TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, PASTOS, CORALES, ARRECIFES, ECOSISTEMAS ACUÁTICOS, CARIBE, PARQUE NACIONAL CAHUITA (COSTA RICA)