Aplicación de tecnología GPS y ecosonda en levantamientos batimétricos para control de sedimentos y determinación de volúmenes en embalses
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Fecha
2009
Autores
Avendaño Castro, Marcelo
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Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Para el Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad es de gran importancia el control de la infraestructura, los elementos internos y externos que componen y/o interactúan con los proyectos hidroeléctricos.
El correcto funcionamiento de los embalses dentro de este tipo de proyectos determina su vida útil; bajo este contexto cobran importancia las actividades de control de los embalses y la toma de decisiones, enfocadas en prevenir y corregir aspectos de su funcionamiento, sin dejar de lado la relación con su entorno.
Se planifican y desarrollan programas de control dentro de los cuales las batimetrías aportan la información que permite definir procesos y acciones correctivas como los desembalses o controles por dragado.
La aplicación de tecnología GPS y ecosonda en levantamientos batimétricos y los programas de cómputo son herramientas que nos permiten desarrollar y establecer procedimientos para obtener una mayor calidad y cantidad de información, con una relación de bajo costo y alto beneficio.
Se desarrolla la metodología para la recolección de la información batimétrica, así mismo se describen los procedimientos para el proceso, análisis y cálculo de la información requerida para el control de sedimentos y la determinación de volúmenes.
Con este trabajo se implementa la metodología y se estandarizan los procesos para los levantamientos batimétricos y elaboración de sus productos.
Los resultados obtenidos han permitido, controlar la evolución de la sedimentación, planificar los desembalses de forma que el impacto ambiental sea mínimo y verificar el proceso de recuperación de la capacidad de almacenamiento.
For the Costa Rican Electricity Institute, the control of the infrastructure, the internal and external elements that make up and/or interact with hydroelectric projects, is of great importance. The correct functioning of the reservoirs within this type of project determines their useful life; In this context, reservoir control activities and decision-making, focused on preventing and correcting aspects of their operation, without neglecting the relationship with their environment, become important. Control programs are planned and developed within which the bathymetries provide the information that allows the definition of corrective processes and actions such as discharges or dredging controls. The application of GPS technology and echo sounder in bathymetric surveys and computer programs are tools that allow us to develop and establish procedures to obtain a greater quality and quantity of information, with a low cost and high benefit ratio. The methodology for the collection of bathymetric information is developed, likewise the procedures for the process, analysis and calculation of the information required for the control of sediments and the determination of volumes are described. With this work, the methodology is implemented and the processes for bathymetric surveys and the elaboration of their products are standardized. The results obtained have made it possible to control the evolution of sedimentation, plan the discharges in such a way that the environmental impact is minimal and verify the process of recovery of the storage capacity.
For the Costa Rican Electricity Institute, the control of the infrastructure, the internal and external elements that make up and/or interact with hydroelectric projects, is of great importance. The correct functioning of the reservoirs within this type of project determines their useful life; In this context, reservoir control activities and decision-making, focused on preventing and correcting aspects of their operation, without neglecting the relationship with their environment, become important. Control programs are planned and developed within which the bathymetries provide the information that allows the definition of corrective processes and actions such as discharges or dredging controls. The application of GPS technology and echo sounder in bathymetric surveys and computer programs are tools that allow us to develop and establish procedures to obtain a greater quality and quantity of information, with a low cost and high benefit ratio. The methodology for the collection of bathymetric information is developed, likewise the procedures for the process, analysis and calculation of the information required for the control of sediments and the determination of volumes are described. With this work, the methodology is implemented and the processes for bathymetric surveys and the elaboration of their products are standardized. The results obtained have made it possible to control the evolution of sedimentation, plan the discharges in such a way that the environmental impact is minimal and verify the process of recovery of the storage capacity.
Descripción
Avendaño Castro, M. (2009). Aplicación de tecnología GPS y ecosonda en levantamientos batimétricos para control de sedimentos y determinación de volúmenes en embalses. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Heredia, C.R.
Palabras clave
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS, SISTEMAS DE POSICIONAMIENTO GLOBAL, SEDIMENTACION, SEDIMENTATION, EMBALSES, EROSION, LEVANTAMIENTO HIDROGRAFICO