Bioprospección fitoquímica de dos variedades de fruta de cas (Psidium friedrichsthalianum Ndz y Psidium guineense Sw) oriundas de Costa Rica
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Fecha
2014-10
Autores
Muñoz Arrieta, Rodrigo A.
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Las plantas han sido la base para la cura de enfermedades desde épocas antiguas, en donde el hombre a través del tiempo ha buscado respuesta a la necesidad de vivir en condiciones óptimas de salud y vida aceptables.
Conforme el ser humano ha desarrollado continuamente su forma de vida, se han generado un conjunto de aspectos y hechos importantes en la medicina, en donde se han mejorado los tratamientos de enfermedades por medio de la investigación en diferentes tipos de plantas a las cuales se les atribuyen propiedades anticancerígenas, antiinflamatorias, antimicrobianas, entre otras. El cas (Psidiumfriedrichsthalianum Ndz) es una fruta autóctona de Costa Rica y desconocida por el mundo, pero representa una pieza clave en la dieta de los costarricenses, ya que es ampliamente utilizada para la producción de jugos naturales y de jaleas. Posee gran capacidad para ser utilizada como nutracéutico, puesto a que contiene gran cantidad de polifenoles y una alta actividad antioxidante, por otro lado resulta ser un antibiótico natural contra bacterias del índole Gram positivo (S.
areus, B. subtilis).
Existen diferencias significativas en la variedad de psidiumfriedrichsthalianum Ndz dependiendo de la zona de Costa Rica en donde se colecte. El cas de la zona de La Tigra de San Carlos presentó el mayor contenido de polifenoles, actividad antioxidante y mayor contenido de proantocianidinas durante el estudio; mientras que el cas de la zona de Naranjo es la que presentó los valores más bajos.
Por otro lado, los extractos obtenidos de la columna cromatográfica con relleno Cl 8 y los EPAC's de psidium friedrichsthalianum Ndz, guineense y guayaba resultaron ser fuentes ineficientes contra la inhibición de crecimiento celular en células de linfoma, por lo que no muestran evidencia que indique la presencia de una actividad interesante para el desarrollo de una investigación futura en la búsqueda de agentes anticancerígenos.
Al ser el psidium friedrichsthalianum Ndz, una fruta autóctona de Costa Rica y una fuente importante de antioxidantes que debería incorporarse con más frecuencia a nuestra dieta y generar productos con más valor agregado.
Plants have been the basis for curing diseases since ancient times, where man over time has sought an answer to the need to live in optimal conditions of health and acceptable life. As the human being has continuously developed his way of life, a set of important aspects and facts have been generated in medicine, where disease treatments have been improved through research in different types of plants to which attribute anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial properties, among others. The cas (Psidiumfriedrichsthalianum Ndz) is a native fruit of Costa Rica and unknown to the world, but it represents a key piece in the diet of Costa Ricans, since it is widely used for the production of natural juices and jellies. It has a great capacity to be used as a nutraceutical, since it contains a large amount of polyphenols and high antioxidant activity, on the other hand it turns out to be a natural antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria (S. areus, B. subtilis). There are significant differences in the variety of psidiumfriedrichsthalianum Ndz depending on the area of Costa Rica where it is collected. The case from the La Tigra area of San Carlos presented the highest content of polyphenols, antioxidant activity and the highest content of proanthocyanidins during the study; while the case of the Naranjo area is the one that presented the lowest values. On the other hand, the extracts obtained from the chromatographic column with Cl 8 packing and the EPAC's of psidium friedrichsthalianum Ndz, guineense and guava turned out to be inefficient sources against the inhibition of cell growth in lymphoma cells, therefore they do not show evidence indicating the presence of an interesting activity for the development of future research in the search for anticancer agents. Being the psidium friedrichsthalianum Ndz, a native fruit of Costa Rica and an important source of antioxidants that should be incorporated more frequently into our diet and generate products with more added value.
Plants have been the basis for curing diseases since ancient times, where man over time has sought an answer to the need to live in optimal conditions of health and acceptable life. As the human being has continuously developed his way of life, a set of important aspects and facts have been generated in medicine, where disease treatments have been improved through research in different types of plants to which attribute anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial properties, among others. The cas (Psidiumfriedrichsthalianum Ndz) is a native fruit of Costa Rica and unknown to the world, but it represents a key piece in the diet of Costa Ricans, since it is widely used for the production of natural juices and jellies. It has a great capacity to be used as a nutraceutical, since it contains a large amount of polyphenols and high antioxidant activity, on the other hand it turns out to be a natural antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria (S. areus, B. subtilis). There are significant differences in the variety of psidiumfriedrichsthalianum Ndz depending on the area of Costa Rica where it is collected. The case from the La Tigra area of San Carlos presented the highest content of polyphenols, antioxidant activity and the highest content of proanthocyanidins during the study; while the case of the Naranjo area is the one that presented the lowest values. On the other hand, the extracts obtained from the chromatographic column with Cl 8 packing and the EPAC's of psidium friedrichsthalianum Ndz, guineense and guava turned out to be inefficient sources against the inhibition of cell growth in lymphoma cells, therefore they do not show evidence indicating the presence of an interesting activity for the development of future research in the search for anticancer agents. Being the psidium friedrichsthalianum Ndz, a native fruit of Costa Rica and an important source of antioxidants that should be incorporated more frequently into our diet and generate products with more added value.
Descripción
Muñoz Arrieta, R. A. (2014). Bioprospección fitoquímica de dos variedades de fruta de cas (Psidium friedrichsthalianum Ndz y Psidium guineense Sw) oriundas de Costa Rica. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional. Heredia, C.R.
Palabras clave
CAS, PSIDIUM GUINEENSE, QUIMICA, CHEMISTRY