Valores Referenciales Hematológicos y Bioquímicos de Felinos Domésticos de Heredia y San José de Costa Rica
Fecha
2009-09-16
Autores
Rojas Loría, Pamela
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El aumento en la tenencia de gatos durante los últimos años ha producido un gran crecimiento
de consultas de esta especie en la práctica veterinaria actual, lo que conlleva a una mayor
demanda de información sobre las valoraciones hematológicas y morfológicas de las células
sanguíneas en condiciones normales. Es indispensable, por lo tanto, contar con valores de
referencia específicos para esta especie, y hasta donde sea posible que cada laboratorio
determine los suyos propios, pues las variaciones en la metodología, reactivos y equipo tienen
un gran efecto sobre los valores obtenidos. En nuestro país no se dispone de valores
referenciales de hemograma y química sérica para gatos domésticos, y es debido a esta
carencia de información que se realizó este trabajo. Se seleccionaron 52 gatos clínicamente
sanos procedentes de las provincias de Heredia y San José, a los cuales se les extrajo una
muestra de sangre de la vena yugular para realizar el hemograma y algunas pruebas de
química sanguínea. Los parámetros hematológicos se realizaron por medio de métodos
manuales, las variables evaluadas fueron el hematocrito, hemoglobina, CHCM, cómputo total
de leucocitos y el diferencial leucocitario; además se valoró la morfología de las células
sanguíneas normales como forma, color, tamaño y distribución. Las determinaciones de
química sanguínea (proteínas totales, albúmina, globulinas, glucosa, nitrógeno ureico,
creatinina y ALT) se cuantificaron por medio de métodos colorimétricos y cinéticos de forma
semiautomática, utilizando un colorímetro Microlab 200 y reactivos de la casa Wiener. Los
valores obtenidos mediante estas pruebas, demostraron que la población analizada presentó
una distribución normal, y un comportamiento tan estable que permitió alcanzar como mínimo
un intervalo de confianza del 95 % y un error aceptable del 5%. Gracias a esto se logró
establecer rangos de referencia confiables, estos rangos se obtuvieron al restar y sumar una
desviación estándar al promedio para eliminar los datos que no correspondían al
comportamiento de la mayoría. De esta manera el presente trabajo permite contar con valores
referenciales para felinos domésticos de Heredia y San José de Costa Rica, es una
investigación pionera que ayuda en la valoración más adecuada del diagnóstico clínico y
tratamiento en el paciente felino.
The increase in the possession of cats during the past years has lead to a considerable increase in the demand of veterinary assistance, which results in a stronger demand of information about normal hematological parameters and blood cells morphology. Because of this, it becomes necessary to have specific reference values to this species and to where it is possible that each laboratory determines its own values according to its methodology, materials and equipment all of which have an effect on the results. In our country, there are no referential values for hemogram and clinical chemistry for domestic cats which justifies this project. In this study, a group of 52 clinically healthy cats from San Jose and Heredia were examined. Blood samples were taken from the jugular, and determined hemograms and some tests of blood chemistry were carried out. The hematological parameters were determined by manual methodology. The parameters evaluated were hematocrit, hemoglobin, CHCM, total leukocyte count and leukocytary differential, as well as the normal cells morphology (size, shape, color and distribution). The blood chemistry determinations such as total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, ureic nitrogen, creatinine and ALT were quantified with the assistance of cholrimethrical and cynetical semi automatic methods using a Microlab 2000 chlorimeter as well as reagents from the Wiener’s. The values obtained with this test showed that the analyzed population had a normal distribution and such a stable behavior that allowed a minimum interval of confidence of 95% and an error range of 5%. Therefore reference values were established and were calculated by subtracting and adding a standard deviation to the average, in order to eliminate the data that did not correspond to the majority. With this work reliable referential values for domestic felines in Heredia and San Jose, Costa Rica were determined for the first time leading to a better evaluation, clinical diagnose and treatment of the feline patient
The increase in the possession of cats during the past years has lead to a considerable increase in the demand of veterinary assistance, which results in a stronger demand of information about normal hematological parameters and blood cells morphology. Because of this, it becomes necessary to have specific reference values to this species and to where it is possible that each laboratory determines its own values according to its methodology, materials and equipment all of which have an effect on the results. In our country, there are no referential values for hemogram and clinical chemistry for domestic cats which justifies this project. In this study, a group of 52 clinically healthy cats from San Jose and Heredia were examined. Blood samples were taken from the jugular, and determined hemograms and some tests of blood chemistry were carried out. The hematological parameters were determined by manual methodology. The parameters evaluated were hematocrit, hemoglobin, CHCM, total leukocyte count and leukocytary differential, as well as the normal cells morphology (size, shape, color and distribution). The blood chemistry determinations such as total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, ureic nitrogen, creatinine and ALT were quantified with the assistance of cholrimethrical and cynetical semi automatic methods using a Microlab 2000 chlorimeter as well as reagents from the Wiener’s. The values obtained with this test showed that the analyzed population had a normal distribution and such a stable behavior that allowed a minimum interval of confidence of 95% and an error range of 5%. Therefore reference values were established and were calculated by subtracting and adding a standard deviation to the average, in order to eliminate the data that did not correspond to the majority. With this work reliable referential values for domestic felines in Heredia and San Jose, Costa Rica were determined for the first time leading to a better evaluation, clinical diagnose and treatment of the feline patient
Descripción
Modalidad: Proyecto de Graduación
Palabras clave
GATO, HEMATOLOGIA VETERINARIA, BIOQUIMICA, SAN JOSE (COSTA RICA), HEREDIA (COSTA RICA)