Distribución espacial de los casos notificados como leishmaniasis e identificación de las especies de Lutzomyia (Díptera: Psychodidae) infectadas naturalmente en el cantón de Talamanca, Costa Rica.
Fecha
2010-10
Autores
Sosa Ochoa, Wilfredo Humberto
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La leishmaniasis es una de las enfermedades consideradas como desatendidas en el nuevo
mundo. Al mismo tiempo existe un subregistro de casos a nivel latinoamericano y en Costa Rica es
considerada como una enfermedad de notificación obligatoria.
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la distribución espacial de los casos notificados
como leishmaniasis y al mismo tiempo determinar infecciones naturales en las Lutzomyias
presentes en el intradomicilio de las viviendas seleccionadas de la Villa de Amubri, Cantón de
Talamanca. En la primera parte del estudio se usó como unidad observacional los EBAIS
(Establecimientos Básicos de Atención Integral de Salud) del área de salud de Talamanca a los
cuales se le calculó la incidencia anual promedio para determinar diferencias significativas entre
cada uno de los EBAIS en el cuál se determinó que los EBAIS de Amubri, Gavilán y Katsi difieren
de los restantes EBAIS. En una segunda parte se capturaron individuos del género Lutzomyia para
su identificación taxonómica y determinación de infecciones naturales, se identificaron
taxonómicamente 7 especies de Lutzomyia reportándose a Lu. barrettoi majuscula por primera vez
para el Cantón de Talamanca. En este estudio no se logró determinar infecciones naturales en las
hembras procesadas por medio de la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa.
Leishmaniasis is one of the unattended diseases in the new world. At the same time, there is a case underreporting at Latin American level and in Costa Rica it is considered as an imperative notification disease. The present study’s objective was to determine the spacial distribution of all reported cases as leishmaniasis and at the same time determine natural infections in the Lutzomyias present inside the selected households at Amubri Villa, Talamanca County. In this study’s first part EBAIS (Basic Health Integral Attention Centres from its Spanish acronym) was used as observational unit from Talamanca’s health area, to which the anual incidence was calculated in order to determine significative differences between each of the EBAIS: the Amubri, Gavila, and Katsi EBAIS were the ones that differ from the rest. In the second part, Lutzomya individuals were captured for their taxonomic identification and natural infection determination. Seven Lutzomya species were taxonomically identified and Lu. barrettoi majuscula was reported for the first time at Talamanca county. No natural infections could not be determined through Polimerase Chan Reaction (PCR).
Leishmaniasis is one of the unattended diseases in the new world. At the same time, there is a case underreporting at Latin American level and in Costa Rica it is considered as an imperative notification disease. The present study’s objective was to determine the spacial distribution of all reported cases as leishmaniasis and at the same time determine natural infections in the Lutzomyias present inside the selected households at Amubri Villa, Talamanca County. In this study’s first part EBAIS (Basic Health Integral Attention Centres from its Spanish acronym) was used as observational unit from Talamanca’s health area, to which the anual incidence was calculated in order to determine significative differences between each of the EBAIS: the Amubri, Gavila, and Katsi EBAIS were the ones that differ from the rest. In the second part, Lutzomya individuals were captured for their taxonomic identification and natural infection determination. Seven Lutzomya species were taxonomically identified and Lu. barrettoi majuscula was reported for the first time at Talamanca county. No natural infections could not be determined through Polimerase Chan Reaction (PCR).
Descripción
Maestría en Enfermedades Tropicales.
Palabras clave
LEISHMANIASIS, ZOONOSIS, SALUD PUBLICA, EBAIS, TALAMANCA (LIMON), COSTA RICA, PUBLIC HEALTH, ZOONOTIC DISEASES