Estudio de viabilidad económico financiero para la creación de una empresa de alquiler de pantallas LED en Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Fecha
2022
Autores
Bustos Pastrano, Óscar Alberto
Sequeira López, José Pablo
Vargas Salazar, Óscar Andrés
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Estudio de viabilidad económico financiero para la creación de una empresa de alquiler de
pantallas LED en Guanacaste, Costa Rica.
Problemática
La implementación de la tecnología en la industria del entretenimiento ha ido en crecimiento
con el pasar de los años, cada vez existen más actividades con características propias, donde se crea
escenarios acordes con el gusto del propietario del evento, con el propósito de impactar al
consumidor final y crear experiencias únicas en sus actividades.
Con frecuencia, en los eventos la tecnología que se utiliza, debe cumplir con las exigencias
del espectador final, un sonido amplificado de última generación y una iluminación muy detallada
ya no es visto como algo innovador dentro un evento, y es por esta razón que el uso de pantallas
LED ha ido en crecimiento, y ha causado el impacto esperado dentro del consumidor final, creando
una nueva experiencia audiovisual.
En Costa Rica existen empresas que utilizan las pantallas LED como servicio en los eventos,
las cuales tienen una gran demanda en el mercado. Actualmente, las empresas que ofrecen el servicio
de alquiler de pantallas LED, ya tienen un alto recorrido en el mercado, y son muy reconocidas a
nivel nacional por las productoras de eventos.
En la zona de Guanacaste existen productoras de eventos, instituciones y personas jurídicas
que demandan el servicio de alquiler de pantallas LED para diferentes actividades, las cuales tienen
que acudir a las empresas que se encuentran fuera de la zona, lo cual genera un costo adicional al
servicio. Dada la casualidad que en Guanacaste no existe una empresa de esas características, nacexix
la oportunidad de crear una empresa de alquiler de pantallas LED en la zona, ya que existe la oferta
y la demanda necesaria para poder cubrir el mercado guanacasteco.
Objetivo General
Determinar la viabilidad económica financiera para la creación de una empresa de alquiler
de pantallas LED, ubicada en la provincia de Guanacaste, Costa Rica.
Objetivos específicos
1. Efectuar un estudio de mercado que identifique la demanda del servicio de alquiler de
pantallas LED en los eventos audiovisuales que realizan las productoras de eventos de
Guanacaste.
2. Elaborar un estudio técnico que muestre los costos operativos y la inversión total que conlleva
una empresa de alquiler de pantallas LED en la zona de Guanacaste.
3. Realizar un estudio organizacional que permita el diseño de la estructura organizacional y de
los procesos administrativos adecuados para una empresa de alquiler de pantallas LED en
Guanacaste.
4. Desarrollar un estudio legal y ambiental en los cuales se identifique las regulaciones, normas,
requisitos para la empresa de alquiler de pantallas LED en Guanacaste.
5. Elaborar un estudio financiero que determine la rentabilidad de la viabilidad financiera para
la creación de una empresa de alquiler de pantallas LED.
Metodología utilizada
La metodología realizada para poder concluir los objetivos fue la siguiente: se indagó los
tipos de investigación y se llegó a la conclusión que la investigación es de carácter tipo exploratoria,
descriptiva y correlacional, de enfoque mixto.xx
En la obtención de información se utilizó fuentes, tanto primarias como secundarias. En las
fuentes primarias se obtuvo información de primera mano, como en las entidades gubernamentales,
ferreterías y entrevista al inversionista, en las fuentes secundarias, se logró información de libros,
páginas web, e investigaciones realizadas.
La investigación utilizó una muestra tipo censo, el cual se utilizó todos los sujetos del
universo, es decir, las productoras de eventos de la zona de Guanacaste, los cuales fueron 18
productoras.
La información que se adquirió de los estudios será un gran aporte, ya que será analizada
para elaborar el estudio financiero, y así poder obtener datos numéricos que ayuden a determinar si
el proyecto se rechaza o no.
Conclusiones
Los datos conseguidos por los estudios realizados en la investigación arrojan datos que el
proyecto el viable, ya que el VAN y la TIR alcanzadas fueron positivas.
En el estudio de mercado se obtuvo que existe una demanda por el alquiler de pantallas Led,
de las productoras encuestadas, 14 de ellas estarían de acuerdo en contratar el servicio y solo tres
desistieron de la idea por motivos de precio.
La parte formal de la empresa en el estudio legal y ambiental no se encontró ninguna ley que
obstaculice la realización del proyecto.
En el estudio técnico se pudo obtener datos relacionados con los activos necesarios con los
que tendrá que contar la empresa para poder operar de la mejor manera.
El estudio financiero proporcionó datos numéricos favorables para aceptar el proyecto, estos
datos mencionan que la empresa puede cubrir una deuda y obtener utilidades.xxi
Recomendaciones
Se recomienda en un futuro trasladarse en un lugar más céntrico, como podría ser el cantón
de Liberia, que es donde se ubica la mayor cantidad de productoras de eventos de la zona.
En la parte logística se recomienda tener en consideración la oportunidad de poder cubrir
dos eventos al mismo tiempo, se necesita crear una estrategia que permita llegar a dos clientes, de
manera simultánea, sin ningún inconveniente, tanto de transporte como del servicio de las pantallas.
Se recomienda obtener una póliza de daños para las pantallas LED, ya que representa un
activo muy valioso para la empresa y no tener una póliza puede ser riesgoso.
Research topic Financial economic feasibility study for the creation of an LED screen rental company in Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Problematic The implementation of technology in the entertainment industry has grown over the years, there are more and more activities with their own characteristics where scenarios are created according to the taste of the event owner, with the purpose of influencing the final consumer and create unique experiences in your activities. Frequently in events, the technology used must meet the demands of the end viewer, a stateof-the-art amplified sound and highly detailed lighting is no longer seen as something innovative within an event and it is for this reason that the use of LED screens has been growing and has caused the expected impact within the final consumer by creating a new audio-visual experience. In Costa Rica there are companies that use LED screens as a service at events, which are in great demand in the market. Currently the companies that offer the rental service of LED screens already have a long history in the market and are highly recognized nationally by event producers.xxii In the Guanacaste Zone there are event producers, institutions and legal entities that demand the rental service of LED screens for different activities which have to go to companies that are outside the Zone, which generates an additional cost to the service. Given the chance that a company of these characteristics does not exist in Guanacaste, the opportunity to create a rental company for LED screens in the area is born, since there is the necessary supply and demand to be able to cover the Guanacaste market. General objective Determine the financial economic viability for the creation of an LED screen rental company, located in the province of Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Specific objectives 1. Carry out a market study that identifies the demand for the rental service of LED screens in the audiovisual events carried out by the Guanacaste event producers. 2. Prepare a technical study that shows the operating costs and the total investment involved in a LED screen rental company in the Guanacaste area. 3. Carry out an organizational study that allows the design of the organizational structure and the appropriate administrative processes for a LED screen rental company in Guanacaste. 4. Develop a legal and environmental study in which the regulations, standards, and requirements for the LED screen rental company in Guanacaste are identified. 5. Prepare a financial study that determines the profitability of the financial viability for the creation of an LED screen rental company.xxiii Methodology used The methodology used to conclude the objectives was as follows: The types of research were investigated and it was concluded that the research is exploratory, descriptive and correlational, with a mixed approach. In obtaining information, both primary and secondary sources were used, in the primary sources, first-hand information was obtained, such as government entities, hardware stores and investor interviews, in the secondary sources, information was obtained from books, web pages, and investigations already carried out. The research used a census-type sample, which was used by all the subjects of the universe, that is, the producers of events in the Guanacaste area, which were 18 producers. The information obtained from the studies will be a great contribution, since it will be analyzed to prepare the financial study and thus be able to obtain numerical data that will help determine whether the project is rejected or not. Conclusions The data obtained by the studies carried out in the investigation show data that the project is viable, since the NPV and the IRR obtained were positive. In the market study, it was found that there is a demand for the rental of Led screens, of the surveyed producers 14 of them would agree to hire the service and only 3 gave up the idea for price reasons. The formal part of the company in the legal and environmental study did not find any law that hinders the implementation of the project. In the technical study, it was possible to obtain data related to the necessary assets that the company will have to have in order to operate in the best way.xxiv The financial study provided favorable numerical data to accept the project, these data mention that the company can cover a debt and obtain profits. Recommendations It is recommended in the future to move to a more central place such as the canton of Liberia, which is where the largest number of event producers in the area are located. In the logistics part, it is recommended to take into consideration the opportunity of being able to cover two events at the same time, it is necessary to create a strategy that allows reaching two clients at the same time without any inconvenience, both in terms of transport and in terms of the service of the screens. It is recommended to obtain a damage policy for LED screens, as it represents a very valuable asset for the company and not having a policy can be risky.
Research topic Financial economic feasibility study for the creation of an LED screen rental company in Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Problematic The implementation of technology in the entertainment industry has grown over the years, there are more and more activities with their own characteristics where scenarios are created according to the taste of the event owner, with the purpose of influencing the final consumer and create unique experiences in your activities. Frequently in events, the technology used must meet the demands of the end viewer, a stateof-the-art amplified sound and highly detailed lighting is no longer seen as something innovative within an event and it is for this reason that the use of LED screens has been growing and has caused the expected impact within the final consumer by creating a new audio-visual experience. In Costa Rica there are companies that use LED screens as a service at events, which are in great demand in the market. Currently the companies that offer the rental service of LED screens already have a long history in the market and are highly recognized nationally by event producers.xxii In the Guanacaste Zone there are event producers, institutions and legal entities that demand the rental service of LED screens for different activities which have to go to companies that are outside the Zone, which generates an additional cost to the service. Given the chance that a company of these characteristics does not exist in Guanacaste, the opportunity to create a rental company for LED screens in the area is born, since there is the necessary supply and demand to be able to cover the Guanacaste market. General objective Determine the financial economic viability for the creation of an LED screen rental company, located in the province of Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Specific objectives 1. Carry out a market study that identifies the demand for the rental service of LED screens in the audiovisual events carried out by the Guanacaste event producers. 2. Prepare a technical study that shows the operating costs and the total investment involved in a LED screen rental company in the Guanacaste area. 3. Carry out an organizational study that allows the design of the organizational structure and the appropriate administrative processes for a LED screen rental company in Guanacaste. 4. Develop a legal and environmental study in which the regulations, standards, and requirements for the LED screen rental company in Guanacaste are identified. 5. Prepare a financial study that determines the profitability of the financial viability for the creation of an LED screen rental company.xxiii Methodology used The methodology used to conclude the objectives was as follows: The types of research were investigated and it was concluded that the research is exploratory, descriptive and correlational, with a mixed approach. In obtaining information, both primary and secondary sources were used, in the primary sources, first-hand information was obtained, such as government entities, hardware stores and investor interviews, in the secondary sources, information was obtained from books, web pages, and investigations already carried out. The research used a census-type sample, which was used by all the subjects of the universe, that is, the producers of events in the Guanacaste area, which were 18 producers. The information obtained from the studies will be a great contribution, since it will be analyzed to prepare the financial study and thus be able to obtain numerical data that will help determine whether the project is rejected or not. Conclusions The data obtained by the studies carried out in the investigation show data that the project is viable, since the NPV and the IRR obtained were positive. In the market study, it was found that there is a demand for the rental of Led screens, of the surveyed producers 14 of them would agree to hire the service and only 3 gave up the idea for price reasons. The formal part of the company in the legal and environmental study did not find any law that hinders the implementation of the project. In the technical study, it was possible to obtain data related to the necessary assets that the company will have to have in order to operate in the best way.xxiv The financial study provided favorable numerical data to accept the project, these data mention that the company can cover a debt and obtain profits. Recommendations It is recommended in the future to move to a more central place such as the canton of Liberia, which is where the largest number of event producers in the area are located. In the logistics part, it is recommended to take into consideration the opportunity of being able to cover two events at the same time, it is necessary to create a strategy that allows reaching two clients at the same time without any inconvenience, both in terms of transport and in terms of the service of the screens. It is recommended to obtain a damage policy for LED screens, as it represents a very valuable asset for the company and not having a policy can be risky.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ADMINISTRACION, GESTION FINANCIERA, MERCADO, EMPRESAS, CONSUMIDORES, OFERTA Y DEMANDA, SONIDO, GUANACASTE (PROVINCIA), COSTA RICA, ADMINISTRATION, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, MARKETING, COMPANIES, CONSUMER, SUPPLY AND DEMAND, SOUND