Caracterización morfológica y molecular de nematodos anillados (Nematoda: Criconematidae) de Costa Rica: dos nuevas especies descritas
Fecha
2023
Autores
Aráuz Badilla, Jefferson
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Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Los nematodos parásitos de las plantas son organismos con importantes repercusiones económicas en los cultivos agrícolas. Entre ellos, la familia Criconematidae es considerada una plaga potencial debido a su fuerte estilete en sus piezas bucales y a su distribución mundial. En Costa Rica, existen varios reportes de nematodos anilladores asociados a diferentes especies de plantas, sin embargo, no existen estudios moleculares de las especies presentes en el país. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar nematodos de la familia Criconematidae, utilizando métodos morfológicos y moleculares para contribuir al conocimiento de estos organismos. Se recolectaron muestras de suelo de cacao, caña de azúcar, pastos y áreas naturales de cinco provincias. Se realizó un estudio morfológico utilizando un conjunto de medidas, porcentajes y ratios para diferenciar las especies de nematodos anillados. El análisis molecular incluyó la amplificación de las regiones 28S dominio D2D3, 18S, ITS y COI, lo que permitió el análisis filogenético entre las especies identificadas en este estudio y las depositadas en GenBank. Se identificaron cuatro especies de nematodos anulares, incluidas dos especies recién descubiertas que se describen por primera vez en este estudio. Se identificaron Mesocriconema onoense y Mesocriconema costarricense n. sp. en zonas naturales, Mesocriconema paraonoense n. sp. en plantaciones de cacao y caña de azúcar, y Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum en pastos. Esta investigación reporta la primera caracterización morfológica y molecular de nematodos pertenecientes a la familia Criconematidae en Costa Rica.
Plant-parasitic nematodes are organisms with significant economic impact on agricultural crops. Among these, the Criconematidae family is considered a potential pest due to its strong stylet in their mouthparts and its worldwide distribution. In Costa Rica, there are several reports of ring nematodes associated with different plant species, however, there are no molecular studies of the species present in the country. The aim of this study was to identify nematodes of the Criconematidae family, using morphological and molecular methods to contribute to the knowledge of these organisms. Soil samples were collected from cocoa, sugar cane, grass, and natural areas from five provinces. A morphological study was conducted using a set of measurements, percentages, and ratios to differentiate between ring nematodes species. Molecular analysis included amplification of 28S D2D3 domain, 18S, ITS, and COI regions, which allowed phylogenetic analysis between species identified in this study and those deposited in GenBank. Four species of ring nematodes were identified, including two new discovered species which are described herein for the first time in this study. Mesocriconema onoense and Mesocriconema costarricense n. sp. were identified in natural areas, Mesocriconema paraonoense n. sp. in cocoa and sugar cane plantations, and Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum in grass. This research reports the first morphological and molecular characterization of nematodes belonging to the Criconematidae family in Costa Rica.
Plant-parasitic nematodes are organisms with significant economic impact on agricultural crops. Among these, the Criconematidae family is considered a potential pest due to its strong stylet in their mouthparts and its worldwide distribution. In Costa Rica, there are several reports of ring nematodes associated with different plant species, however, there are no molecular studies of the species present in the country. The aim of this study was to identify nematodes of the Criconematidae family, using morphological and molecular methods to contribute to the knowledge of these organisms. Soil samples were collected from cocoa, sugar cane, grass, and natural areas from five provinces. A morphological study was conducted using a set of measurements, percentages, and ratios to differentiate between ring nematodes species. Molecular analysis included amplification of 28S D2D3 domain, 18S, ITS, and COI regions, which allowed phylogenetic analysis between species identified in this study and those deposited in GenBank. Four species of ring nematodes were identified, including two new discovered species which are described herein for the first time in this study. Mesocriconema onoense and Mesocriconema costarricense n. sp. were identified in natural areas, Mesocriconema paraonoense n. sp. in cocoa and sugar cane plantations, and Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum in grass. This research reports the first morphological and molecular characterization of nematodes belonging to the Criconematidae family in Costa Rica.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Agronomía con modalidad de Artículo Científico.
Se encuentra en idioma español la introducción y el resumen y de la página 3-50 en inglés.
Palabras clave
NEMATODA, NEMATODE, MORFOLOGÍA, MORPHOLOGY, CRICONEMATIDAE, MOLÉCULAS, MOLECULES, FITOPATÓGENOS, PHYTOPATHOGENS, ESPECIES, SPECIES, PLANTACIONES, PLANTATIONS, CULTIVO, CULTIVATION, ANÁLISIS, ANALYSIS