Actitudes hacia el cambio de psicoterapia presencial a teleterapia por parte de un conjunto de psicoterapeutas e implicaciones sobre su práctica durante el periodo 2020-2021 en Costa Rica
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Fecha
2024-03-30
Autores
Béliard Mora, Virginie
Hernández Castro, María José
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente trabajo aborda las actitudes hacia el cambio de psicoterapia presencial a
teleterapia por parte de un conjunto de psicoterapeutas, así como sus implicaciones en la práctica durante el período 2020-2021 en Costa Rica. Se eligió este periodo debido a la implementación apresurada de la teleterapia en Costa Rica debido a la pandemia por la COVID-19. Se utilizó un cuestionario autodiligenciado, entrevistas semiestructuradas y un entrevista grupal como instrumentos de investigación. Entre los principales hallazgos se encontraron las sensaciones de cansancio, miedo y rechazo inicial hacia la teleterapia, seguido por una adaptación posterior por mecanismos de afrontamiento como creación de rutinas, la búsqueda de información y la formación de grupos de apoyo para aprender sobre las plataformas digitales. Otros hallazgos incluyeron la disminución de la adherencia al proceso en la teleterapia, problemas de privacidad del paciente en el hogar y dificultades con la conectividad. Por otro lado, se observó una mejora en el aspecto económico de los terapeutas, así como una mayor disponibilidad de la persona terapeuta hacia el paciente. En general, se consideró que la teleterapia eliminó barreras espaciales, lo que permitió ofrecer espacios psicoterapéuticos a un mayor número de pacientes.
The following document approaches the attitudes towards the change from in-person psychotherapy to teletherapy from a group of psychotherapists and their implications in their professional practice during 2020-2021 in Costa Rica. This time frame is chosen due to the rapid implementation of teletherapy in Costa Rica due to COVID-19 pandemic, since the context gives the possibility of having specific reactions to this change of modality. A selfadministered questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and a focus group were used as instruments. Among the main findings were sensations of general fatigue, fear and an initial rejection towards teletherapy from the psychotherapists, followed by subsequent adaptation with the use of coping mechanisms such as the creation of daily routines, information research and the creation of support groups to learn about digital platforms. Meanwhile, some of the other findings were the weakening of treatment adherence and issues with patient privacy at home. At the same time, the economic aspect of the therapists improved, as well as the time availability of the therapist to the patient, and in general, it was considered that the teletherapy broke spatial barriers that allowed psychotherapeutic spaces to be provided to a greater number of patients.
The following document approaches the attitudes towards the change from in-person psychotherapy to teletherapy from a group of psychotherapists and their implications in their professional practice during 2020-2021 in Costa Rica. This time frame is chosen due to the rapid implementation of teletherapy in Costa Rica due to COVID-19 pandemic, since the context gives the possibility of having specific reactions to this change of modality. A selfadministered questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and a focus group were used as instruments. Among the main findings were sensations of general fatigue, fear and an initial rejection towards teletherapy from the psychotherapists, followed by subsequent adaptation with the use of coping mechanisms such as the creation of daily routines, information research and the creation of support groups to learn about digital platforms. Meanwhile, some of the other findings were the weakening of treatment adherence and issues with patient privacy at home. At the same time, the economic aspect of the therapists improved, as well as the time availability of the therapist to the patient, and in general, it was considered that the teletherapy broke spatial barriers that allowed psychotherapeutic spaces to be provided to a greater number of patients.
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Palabras clave
PSICOLOGÍA SOCIAL, SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, PSICOTERAPIA, PSYCHOTHERAPY, COVID-19 (ENFERMEDAD), COVID-19 (ILLNESS), TECNOLOGÍA, TECHNOLOGY