Caracterización del manejo productivo de sistemas lecheros en la cuenca del río Bulbul de Matiguás, Matagalpa, Nicaragua
Fecha
2005
Autores
Betancourt, K
Ibrahim, M
Villanueva, C
Vargas Leitón, Bernardo
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Editor
CIPAV
Resumen
Este estudio caracterizó y clasificó los sistemas productivos lecheros de la cuenca del río Bulbul de acuerdo a aspectos de manejo, productivos
y relacionados al conocimiento de los productores. Un total de 66 productores fueron encuestados mediante la aplicación de una encuesta
semi estructurada. Esta información fue analizada mediante tres técnicas de estadística multivariada (análisis de componentes principales,
análisis de correspondencias múltiples y análisis de conglomerados). Se identificaron tres grupos de fincas. El grupo 1 incluyó las fincas con
la más baja producción por hectárea, así como los más bajos niveles de infraestructura, manejo sanitario, suplementación, educación y
asistencia técnica. El grupo 2 incluyó fincas con mayor producción por hectárea que el grupo 1, una proporción de pasturas mejoradas muy
superior al grupo 1 y 3; pero bajo uso de suplementos y bajos niveles sanitarios. El grupo 3 incluyó fincas con una producción por hectárea
muy superior al grupo 1 y 2, con mayor nivel de suplementación y manejo sanitario, mejor nivel de infraestructura, y propietarios con
mayores nivel de educación; además reciben mayor asistencia técnica y son las que conocen y aplican más técnicas silvopastoriles.
This study characterized and classified the dairy production systems of the Bulbul river basin according to management, production and local knowledge aspects. A total of 66 producers were interviewed by means of a semi structured survey. Information was analyzed by three multivariable statistical techniques (analysis of principal components, analysis of multiple correspondences and cluster analysis). Farms were classified into three groups. Group 1 included farms with the lowest production level, less infrastructure, lower sanitary level, less supplementation practices, and lower education levels and technical advice. Group 2 included farms with higher production levels than group 1, higher proportion of improved pastures than groups 1 and 3, low use of feed supplements and low sanitary levels. Group 3 included farms with production levels significantly higher than farms in groups 1 and 2, better feed supplementation practices and sanitary levels, together with better infrastructure, higher education level of the owner, and better access to technical advice. Besides, farms in group 3 presented more knowledge and application of silvopastoral techniques. The study shows clear trends and relationships between management practices and productivity at the farm level; this knowledge can be used in designing strategies for farm technical advice.
This study characterized and classified the dairy production systems of the Bulbul river basin according to management, production and local knowledge aspects. A total of 66 producers were interviewed by means of a semi structured survey. Information was analyzed by three multivariable statistical techniques (analysis of principal components, analysis of multiple correspondences and cluster analysis). Farms were classified into three groups. Group 1 included farms with the lowest production level, less infrastructure, lower sanitary level, less supplementation practices, and lower education levels and technical advice. Group 2 included farms with higher production levels than group 1, higher proportion of improved pastures than groups 1 and 3, low use of feed supplements and low sanitary levels. Group 3 included farms with production levels significantly higher than farms in groups 1 and 2, better feed supplementation practices and sanitary levels, together with better infrastructure, higher education level of the owner, and better access to technical advice. Besides, farms in group 3 presented more knowledge and application of silvopastoral techniques. The study shows clear trends and relationships between management practices and productivity at the farm level; this knowledge can be used in designing strategies for farm technical advice.
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ANÁLISIS MULTIVARIANTE, NICARAGUA, PRODUCCIÓN LECHERA, PASTOREO, PLANTAS FORRAJERAS, MILK PRODUCTION, PASTURE, FORAGE PLANTS