Análisis de la deserción en la Universidad Nacional desde una perspectiva longitudinal
Fecha
2014-09-30
Autores
Rodriguez Pineda, Magaly
Zamora Araya, José Andrey
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
La deserción en la Educación Superior es un fenómeno asociado a múltiples
factores, razón por la cual se hace difícil la implementación de políticas efectivas
que permitan disminuir su impacto en la sociedad. El objetivo del estudio es mostrar el uso de las técnicas de análisis de supervivencia para medir el impacto de la deserción y los factores que determinan la misma en los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional. La elección del modelo de tiempo discreto de Meyer permitió determinar que pueden existir covariables, no observables, que son necesarias para explicar de una mejor forma la deserción en la universidad; evidenciando la principal limitación
del estudio. Sin embargo, a pesar de ello, se logra determinar que la permanencia
en la universidad está determinada por cuatro factores principalmente: la beca, el
porcentaje de créditos aprobados, la edad, la nota del examen de admisión y la
nota de colegio.
Dropout in Higher Education is a phenomenon associated with multiple factors, which is why it is difficult to implement effective policies that allow reducing its impact on society. The objective of the study is to show the use of survival analysis techniques to measure the impact of dropout and the factors that determine it in students of the National University. The choice of Meyer's discrete time model made it possible to determine that there may be unobservable covariates that are necessary to better explain college dropout; evidencing the main limitation of the study. However, despite this, it is possible to determine that the permanence in the university is mainly determined by four factors: the scholarship, the percentage of approved credits, age, the entrance exam grade and the college grade.
Dropout in Higher Education is a phenomenon associated with multiple factors, which is why it is difficult to implement effective policies that allow reducing its impact on society. The objective of the study is to show the use of survival analysis techniques to measure the impact of dropout and the factors that determine it in students of the National University. The choice of Meyer's discrete time model made it possible to determine that there may be unobservable covariates that are necessary to better explain college dropout; evidencing the main limitation of the study. However, despite this, it is possible to determine that the permanence in the university is mainly determined by four factors: the scholarship, the percentage of approved credits, age, the entrance exam grade and the college grade.
Descripción
Ponencia realizada para el Quinto informe del Estado de la educación 2014
Palabras clave
DESERCIÓN, ENSEÑANZA SUPERIOR, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL, DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL, COSTA RICA, DESERTION, HIGHER LEVEL EDUCATION