Metodología de seguimiento para la pava negra (Chamaepetes unicolor) y su utilización en la evaluación de la integridad ecológica del Parque Nacional Tapantí - Macizo de la Muerte
Fecha
2019
Autores
Bonilla Sánchez, Sebastián
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
La pava negra (Chamaepetes unicolor) es un ave endémica de las zonas altas de Costa Rica y el oeste de Panamá. Considerando las características ecológicas de esta especie se propone el seguimiento de su población para evaluar la integridad ecológica de los bosques montanos y premontanos del Parque Nacional Tapantí Macizo de la Muerte, lo cual representa un requerimiento para la administración del Área Silvestre Protegida. La propuesta de seguimiento considera tanto aspectos metodológicos como capacidades del ASP para su implementación, definiéndose tres alternativas (básico, intermedio y óptimo) que varían según el nivel de recursos necesarios para su ejecución. Para cada alternativa se establece la periodicidad (cantidad y distribución de los días de muestreo), sitios de muestreo (cantidad y ubicación de los transectos) y la forma de análisis e interpretación de los datos. Como insumo para la elaboración de la propuesta se realizó un muestreo durante seis meses para estimar, mediante el uso de transectos lineales, la densidad y abundancia relativa de esta especie en el sector Tapantí. Con un total de 72 km recorridos, se registraron 13 individuos de pava en los conteos realizados durante la mañana y 15 individuos durante la tarde. La densidad total estimada fue de 3.18 ind/Km2 ± 1.56 (IC, 95%) y la densidad ecológica (excluyendo transectos sin registros) fue de 3.82 ind/Km2 ± 1.05 (IC, 95%). Este trabajo responde a la necesidad que tienen las administraciones de las Áreas Silvestres Protegidas en Costa Rica, ya que deben evaluar anualmente la gestión realizada mediante la calificación de indicadores, tales como el de integridad ecológica, que plantea el monitoreo de atributos ecológicos clave para describir el estado de conservación de los elementos focales de manejo. Por lo tanto se propone la utilización de la densidad como indicador para describir el comportamiento de la población de aves como la pava negra a lo largo del tiempo.
The black guan (Chamaepetes unicolor) is an endemic bird from the highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama. Considering the ecological characteristics of this species, it is proposed to monitor its population to evaluate the ecological integrity of the montane and premontane forests of the Tapantí Macizo de la Muerte National Park, which represents a requirement for the administration of the Protected Wild Area. The follow-up proposal considers both methodological aspects and capacities of the ASP for its implementation, defining three alternatives (basic, intermediate and optimal) that vary according to the level of resources necessary for its execution. For each alternative, the periodicity (quantity and distribution of sampling days), sampling sites (quantity and location of the transects) and the form of analysis and interpretation of the data are established. As input for the elaboration of the proposal, a sampling was carried out for six months to estimate, through the use of linear transects, the density and relative abundance of this species in the Tapantí sector. With a total of 72 km traveled, 13 individuals of turkey were recorded in the counts carried out during the morning and 15 individuals during the afternoon. The estimated total density was 3.18 ind / Km2 ± 1.56 (95% CI) and the ecological density (excluding transects without records) was 3.82 ind / Km2 ± 1.05 (95% CI). This work responds to the need that the administrations of the Protected Wild Areas in Costa Rica have, since they must annually evaluate the management carried out by qualifying indicators, such as that of ecological integrity, which raises the monitoring of key ecological attributes to describe the state of conservation of the focal elements of management. Therefore, the use of density as an indicator is proposed to describe the behavior of the population of birds such as the black guan over time.
The black guan (Chamaepetes unicolor) is an endemic bird from the highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama. Considering the ecological characteristics of this species, it is proposed to monitor its population to evaluate the ecological integrity of the montane and premontane forests of the Tapantí Macizo de la Muerte National Park, which represents a requirement for the administration of the Protected Wild Area. The follow-up proposal considers both methodological aspects and capacities of the ASP for its implementation, defining three alternatives (basic, intermediate and optimal) that vary according to the level of resources necessary for its execution. For each alternative, the periodicity (quantity and distribution of sampling days), sampling sites (quantity and location of the transects) and the form of analysis and interpretation of the data are established. As input for the elaboration of the proposal, a sampling was carried out for six months to estimate, through the use of linear transects, the density and relative abundance of this species in the Tapantí sector. With a total of 72 km traveled, 13 individuals of turkey were recorded in the counts carried out during the morning and 15 individuals during the afternoon. The estimated total density was 3.18 ind / Km2 ± 1.56 (95% CI) and the ecological density (excluding transects without records) was 3.82 ind / Km2 ± 1.05 (95% CI). This work responds to the need that the administrations of the Protected Wild Areas in Costa Rica have, since they must annually evaluate the management carried out by qualifying indicators, such as that of ecological integrity, which raises the monitoring of key ecological attributes to describe the state of conservation of the focal elements of management. Therefore, the use of density as an indicator is proposed to describe the behavior of the population of birds such as the black guan over time.
Descripción
Bonilla Sánchez, S. (2019). Metodología de seguimiento para la pava negra (Chamaepetes unicolor) y su utilización en la evaluación de la integridad ecológica del Parque Nacional Tapantí - Macizo de la Muerte (Tesis de Licenciatura). Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
Palabras clave
AVES, PARQUE NACIONAL TAPANTÍ (COSTA RICA), CONSERVACIÓN DE LA VIDA SILVESTRE, PAVA NEGRA, CHAMAEPETES UNICOLOR, WILDLIFE CONSERVATION, BIRDS