Permanencia de la cobertura natural en dos propuestas de conectividad entre áreas silvestres protegidas de Costa Rica
Fecha
2019-06
Autores
Arroyo Zeledón, Michael Steven
Morera Beita, Carlos
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Estatal a Distancia
Resumen
Las zonas ribereñas constituyen una alter nativa para lograr conectividad en paisajes donde la cobertura natural
ha sido fragmentada. Objetivo: Analizamos la conectividad estructural
entre dos áreas silvestres protegidas de Costa Rica mediante zonas ri bereñas y una ruta oficialmente establecida. Métodos: Las áreas silves tres protegidas fueron la Reserva Biológica Lomas Barbudal y la Zona
Protectora Mirallaves, ubicadas hacia el noroeste del país, en la provin cia Guanacaste. A partir de la clasificación supervisada de dos imáge nes Landsat de los años 1997 y 2017, obtuvimos la cobertura de la tierra
en las zonas ribereñas y la ruta oficial. Con base en esta información
analizamos la permanencia del bosque en las dos propuestas de conec tividad y calculamos varios indicadores de fragmentación. Resultados:
El bosque fue más extenso y permanente en las zonas ribereñas que en
la ruta oficial; no obstante, en ambas propuestas de conectividad se en contraron sectores con concentración de cobertura boscosa distantes
entre sí y una interrupción de tal conectividad. En el caso de la ruta ofi cial, la interrupción se debió principalmente a áreas urbanas mientras
que en las zonas ribereñas al desarrollo agrícola. Conclusión: A partir
de los hallazgos del presente estudio, resulta razonable proponer las
zonas ribereñas como rutas de conectividad estructural entre las áreas
silvestres protegidas involucradas; sin embargo, tanto en estas zonas
como en la ruta oficial es necesario recuperar dicha conectividad.
“Natural cover permanence in two connectivity proposals between protected wildlife areas of Costa Rica”. Introduction: Riparian zones are an alternative for connectivity in landscapes where natural cover has been fragmented. Objective: To analyze structural connec tivity between two protected wildlife areas of Costa Rica, through ri parian zones, and an officially established route. Methods: The two protected wildlife areas were Lomas Barbudal Biological Reserve and Miravalles Protective Zone, Guanacaste province. Using supervised classification of Landsat images from years 1997 and 2017, land cov er was obtained for riparian zones and the official route. Based on this information, forest permanence was analyzed and several fragmenta tion indicators calculated for the two connectivity proposals. Results: Forest was more extensive and permanent in the riparian zones; never theless, both connectivity proposals had interruptions in connectivity and isolated forest sectors. In the official route, interruption was caused mainly by urban areas; riparian zones were interrupted by agriculture. Conclusion: Riparian zones would also provide good structural con nectivity, but they need to recover such connectivity too.
“Natural cover permanence in two connectivity proposals between protected wildlife areas of Costa Rica”. Introduction: Riparian zones are an alternative for connectivity in landscapes where natural cover has been fragmented. Objective: To analyze structural connec tivity between two protected wildlife areas of Costa Rica, through ri parian zones, and an officially established route. Methods: The two protected wildlife areas were Lomas Barbudal Biological Reserve and Miravalles Protective Zone, Guanacaste province. Using supervised classification of Landsat images from years 1997 and 2017, land cov er was obtained for riparian zones and the official route. Based on this information, forest permanence was analyzed and several fragmenta tion indicators calculated for the two connectivity proposals. Results: Forest was more extensive and permanent in the riparian zones; never theless, both connectivity proposals had interruptions in connectivity and isolated forest sectors. In the official route, interruption was caused mainly by urban areas; riparian zones were interrupted by agriculture. Conclusion: Riparian zones would also provide good structural con nectivity, but they need to recover such connectivity too.
Descripción
Palabras clave
COSTA RICA, ÁREAS SILVESTRES, WILD AREAS, CONSERVACIÓN, CONSERVATION, BIODIVERSIDAD, BIODIVERSITY, PLANEACIÓN, Planning