El análisis de procesos oceanográficos como apoyo al manejo costero
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Fecha
2009-09
Autores
Chacón Gómez, Isabel Cristina
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
El presente estudio da a conocer los procesos oceanográficos que transcurren a escala local en el área norte del Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano, con el fin de proveer información útil y relevante para utilizarse como apoyo para el manejo adecuado de los arrecifes coralinos en dicha zona. Para lo anterior, se determinó el patrón de corrientes y su relación con el transporte de partículas y organismos planctónicos suspendidos, haciéndose posible establecer la trayectoria de la biomasa planctónica durante la época de desove coralino del año 2008. Veracruz, en el Golfo de México, es una ciudad turística, y que como puerto ha ido incrementando su actividad en los últimos años al igual que su desarrollo urbano, derivando en un crecimiento considerable. El aumento de la población y la actividad en la zona costera, al implicar una mayor cantidad de descargas de aguas negras y un mayor flujo de embarcaciones, afecta notoriamente a los ecosistemas costeros. Particularmente los arrecifes coralinos son, entre otros, una fuente importante de ingresos para los habitantes de la zona. El área de estudio está declarada como parque nacional de México y sin embargo, aun no cuenta con un plan de manejo oficial que se lleve a cabo. Por lo tanto, es preciso desarrollar una planificación adecuada en el área, de manera que se dé un manejo a los recursos marinos y costeros que redunde en su conservación, aportando a un desarrollo de la zona, pero de manera sostenible. La información obtenida permitirá establecer la relación entre las variables oceanográficas y sus efectos sobre los ecosistemas fundamentales de este sistema, de modo que los parámetros se puedan utilizar posteriormente para una adecuada ponderación espacial de riesgos de impacto por las actividades antrópicas en el Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano. Este tipo de estudio se propone en esta área como ejemplo, pero se sugiere aplicarlo en todas las áreas costeras donde haya que tomar acciones para el manejo de los recursos marinos y costeros, ya que es aplicable a cualquier zona y características.
This study provides the information needed for knowing the oceanographic processes that occur in a local scale at the northern area of Veracruz Reef System, aiming to support the appropriate management of coral reefs in the area. Therefore, the currents pattern was determined and also its relation with the transport of particles and planctonic organisms, becoming possible to establish the planctonic biomass path during the coral spawning in 2008. Veracruz, in the Gulf of Mexico is a touristic city and a harbor that has been growing and developing considerably, and where the human activity has been increasing for the last few years. The population rise and all the activities carried out along the coastal zone mean a higher run off of contaminated waters and a more used passage of vessels, affecting coastal ecosystems. Particularly coral reefs are an important source of resources for the inhabitants of the area. It is a National Park in Mexico but they don't have an official management plan yet. Therefore, it is needed to encourage and develop a proper planning around the area, so that an adequate marine and coastal resources management is performed on behalf of its conservation, providing the development of the area, but in a sustainable way. The information made available here, will allow establishing the relation between oceanographic variables and its effects over the main ecosystems of this system, so that the parameters can be used in the future for an appropriate spatial consideration of risks caused by the human activities in the Veracruz Reef System. This study was developed in this area as an example, but it is suggested that it can be developed in any coastal zone where something must be done for the management of the marine and coastal resourœS because it is possible to carry it out in any kind of areas.
This study provides the information needed for knowing the oceanographic processes that occur in a local scale at the northern area of Veracruz Reef System, aiming to support the appropriate management of coral reefs in the area. Therefore, the currents pattern was determined and also its relation with the transport of particles and planctonic organisms, becoming possible to establish the planctonic biomass path during the coral spawning in 2008. Veracruz, in the Gulf of Mexico is a touristic city and a harbor that has been growing and developing considerably, and where the human activity has been increasing for the last few years. The population rise and all the activities carried out along the coastal zone mean a higher run off of contaminated waters and a more used passage of vessels, affecting coastal ecosystems. Particularly coral reefs are an important source of resources for the inhabitants of the area. It is a National Park in Mexico but they don't have an official management plan yet. Therefore, it is needed to encourage and develop a proper planning around the area, so that an adequate marine and coastal resources management is performed on behalf of its conservation, providing the development of the area, but in a sustainable way. The information made available here, will allow establishing the relation between oceanographic variables and its effects over the main ecosystems of this system, so that the parameters can be used in the future for an appropriate spatial consideration of risks caused by the human activities in the Veracruz Reef System. This study was developed in this area as an example, but it is suggested that it can be developed in any coastal zone where something must be done for the management of the marine and coastal resourœS because it is possible to carry it out in any kind of areas.
Descripción
Chacón Gómez, I. C. (2009). El análisis de procesos oceanográficos como apoyo al manejo costero. [Tesis de Maestría]. Universidad Nacional, Heredia, C.R.
Palabras clave
BIOLOGIA MARINA, MARINE BIOLOGY, CORRIENTES MARINAS, MANEJO DE AGUAS, ARRECIFES, REEFS, COSTAS, CONTAMINACION MARINA