Competitividad de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector comercial a nivel micro, en el cantón de Pérez Zeledón.
Fecha
2018
Autores
Duarte Duarte, Walter
Gamboa Segura, Geiner
Montero Araya, Esteban
Quirós Porras, Yeilyn
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La ejecución de este proyecto posee como fin principal medir el nivel de competitividad que se presenta en las MIPYMES, específicamente en el sector comercio a nivel micro, en donde se incluye toda clase de variables que se relacionan directamente con el accionar de las empresas, en este caso, enfocándose en el cantón de Pérez Zeledón. La idea se origina a raíz de la necesidad de detectar el estado actual y la proyección de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas.
Los investigadores se dieron a la tarea de averiguar directamente si las empresas ponen en práctica cada una de las variables en estudio, para así diagnosticar el impacto que tienen estas en la competitividad de las empresas.
Se logró medir el nivel de competitividad a nivel micro de las MIPYMES del sector comercio, mediante el análisis de los procesos de planificación estratégica, los canales de comercialización que implementan las empresas, los métodos de control financiero, las políticas de manejo del recurso humano y de gestión ambiental, para así determinar el impacto que tienen en las empresas.
Con el análisis de los objetivos específicos se permitió desarrollar una interpretación más detallada de los requerimientos básicos para las empresas, como contar con un proceso de planificación estratégica en la gestión administrativa, proyectada a corto, mediano o largo plazo y valorar los canales de comercialización que implementan para aumentar su competitividad. Adicional a esto, se generaron interpretaciones para identificar si las empresas cuentan con directrices de gestión ambiental para la protección del medio ambiente, así como cuantificar la aplicación que las MIPYMES le dan a las TIC dentro de sus empresas, y la influencia de estas en el nivel de competitividad comercial.
La investigación se generó mediante un modelo de análisis establecido por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID), el cual analiza la competitividad que poseen las MIPYMES mediante la evaluación de variables y la ponderación de cada una, en un rango de 1 a 5, siendo 1 la calificación más baja y 5 la más alta.
The main purpose of this project is to measure the level of competitiveness of MSMEs, specifically in the trade sector at the micro level, which includes all kinds of variables that are directly related to the actions of the companies, in this case, focusing on the canton of Pérez Zeledón. The idea originated from the need to detect the current state and projection of micro, small and medium enterprises. The researchers undertook the task of finding out directly if the companies put into practice each of the variables under study, in order to diagnose the impact they have on the competitiveness of the companies. It was possible to measure the level of competitiveness at the micro level of MSMEs in the commerce sector by analyzing the strategic planning processes, marketing channels implemented by the companies, financial control methods, human resource management and environmental management policies, in order to determine the impact they have on the companies. With the analysis of the specific objectives, it was possible to develop a more detailed interpretation of the basic requirements for the companies, such as having a strategic planning process in administrative management, projected in the short, medium or long term and assessing the marketing channels they implement to increase their competitiveness. In addition to this, interpretations were generated to identify whether the companies have environmental management guidelines for the protection of the environment, as well as to quantify the application that MSMEs give to ICTs within their companies, and the influence of these on the level of commercial competitiveness. The research was generated using an analysis model established by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), which analyzes the competitiveness of MSMEs by evaluating variables and weighting each one in a range of 1 to 5, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
The main purpose of this project is to measure the level of competitiveness of MSMEs, specifically in the trade sector at the micro level, which includes all kinds of variables that are directly related to the actions of the companies, in this case, focusing on the canton of Pérez Zeledón. The idea originated from the need to detect the current state and projection of micro, small and medium enterprises. The researchers undertook the task of finding out directly if the companies put into practice each of the variables under study, in order to diagnose the impact they have on the competitiveness of the companies. It was possible to measure the level of competitiveness at the micro level of MSMEs in the commerce sector by analyzing the strategic planning processes, marketing channels implemented by the companies, financial control methods, human resource management and environmental management policies, in order to determine the impact they have on the companies. With the analysis of the specific objectives, it was possible to develop a more detailed interpretation of the basic requirements for the companies, such as having a strategic planning process in administrative management, projected in the short, medium or long term and assessing the marketing channels they implement to increase their competitiveness. In addition to this, interpretations were generated to identify whether the companies have environmental management guidelines for the protection of the environment, as well as to quantify the application that MSMEs give to ICTs within their companies, and the influence of these on the level of commercial competitiveness. The research was generated using an analysis model established by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), which analyzes the competitiveness of MSMEs by evaluating variables and weighting each one in a range of 1 to 5, with 1 being the lowest and 5 the highest.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Administración con Énfasis en Gestión Financiera.
Palabras clave
COMPETITIVIDAD, PEQUEÑAS EMPRESAS, PYMES, NEGOCIOS PEQUEÑOS, ADMINISTRACIÓN, COMPETITIVENESS, SMALL BUSINESSES, SMEs, SMALL BUSINESS, ADMINISTRATION, PÉREZ ZELEDÓN (SAN JOSÉ)