Descentralización municipal y competitividad territorial en El Salvador: El caso de estudio de la Microregión Apopa-Nejapa-Quezaltepeque, Período 1991-2004
Fecha
2006-12
Autores
Campos Choto, Víctor Eduardo
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ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La investigación evalúa la descentralización municipal como parte
esencial para propiciar la competitividad territorial en El Salvador, se presenta el
caso de la microregión Apopa-Nejapa-Quezaltepeque, tres municipios al norte de
San Salvador. El periodo de análisis es de 1991 un año antes de los Acuerdos de
Paz, hasta el 2004, séptimo año de oficializada la descentralización a través de la
Ley FODES. El objetivo es comprobar, si la descentralización municipal aporta
al desarrollo de la competitividad territorial. Esto sobre la base de los
fundamentos teóricos del desarrollo endógeno (Vásquez, 2000), la competitividad
sistémica1
, y el desarrollo multidimencional regional/local2
.
La descentralización es interpretada por la presencia de un marco normativo, un
marco institucional, espacios de participación ciudadana y el acceso a recursos.
Esta interpretación es el hilo conductor de la tesis y la presentación de los
hallazgos. Las consultas y datos se procesaron en los Software TRADECAN2000,
TAREA y ELITE (técnicas de análisis regional3
).
Nuestro aporte, determina la existencia de especialización y diversificación de los
sectores productivos en la MR, por parte de la descentralización. Esta pendiente
trabajar en una propuesta de municipios red (microregiones pivotales), que
minimicen las desigualdades territoriales, donde los recursos FODES y los de
ENDL, acompañen el fomento industrial necesario para los procesos de apertura
comercial, esto contribuirá desde cada municipio al bienestar social nacional y a
contar con capacidades territoriales que demandan los mercados internacionales.
The research evaluates the municipal decentralization as part essential to propitiate the territorial competitiveness in El Salvador, the case of the microregión Apopa-Nejapa-Quezaltepeque is presented, three municipalities to the north of San Salvador. The period of analysis is of 1991 one year before the Agreements of Peace, up to the 2004, seventh year of having officialized the decentralization through the Law FODES. The objective is to check, if the municipal decentralization contributes to the development of the territorial competitiveness, applying the theoretical foundations of the endogenous development (Vásquez, 2000), the Systemic Competitiveness4 , and the Development Multidimensional Regional/Local5 . The decentralization is interpreted by the presence of a normative mark, an institutional mark, spaces of civic participation and the access to resources. This understanding is the conductive thread of the thesis and the presentation of the discoveries. The consultations and data were processed in the Software TRADECAN2000, TAREA and ELITE (technical of regional analysis6 ). Our contribution, determines the specialization existence and diversification of the productive sectors in the MR, on the part of the decentralization. This slope to work in a proposal of municipalities net (Microregiones pivots) that minimize the territorial inequalities, where the resources FODES and those of ENDL, accompany the necessary industrial development for the processes of commercial opening, is will contribute from each municipality to the national social well being and to have territorial capacities that demand the international markets
The research evaluates the municipal decentralization as part essential to propitiate the territorial competitiveness in El Salvador, the case of the microregión Apopa-Nejapa-Quezaltepeque is presented, three municipalities to the north of San Salvador. The period of analysis is of 1991 one year before the Agreements of Peace, up to the 2004, seventh year of having officialized the decentralization through the Law FODES. The objective is to check, if the municipal decentralization contributes to the development of the territorial competitiveness, applying the theoretical foundations of the endogenous development (Vásquez, 2000), the Systemic Competitiveness4 , and the Development Multidimensional Regional/Local5 . The decentralization is interpreted by the presence of a normative mark, an institutional mark, spaces of civic participation and the access to resources. This understanding is the conductive thread of the thesis and the presentation of the discoveries. The consultations and data were processed in the Software TRADECAN2000, TAREA and ELITE (technical of regional analysis6 ). Our contribution, determines the specialization existence and diversification of the productive sectors in the MR, on the part of the decentralization. This slope to work in a proposal of municipalities net (Microregiones pivots) that minimize the territorial inequalities, where the resources FODES and those of ENDL, accompany the necessary industrial development for the processes of commercial opening, is will contribute from each municipality to the national social well being and to have territorial capacities that demand the international markets
Descripción
Trabajo Final de Graduación en Maestría en Política Económica (MPE)
Palabras clave
GOBIERNO LOCAL, DESCENTRALIZACIÓN, DESARROLLO REGIONAL, COMPETITIVIDAD, EL SALVADOR, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, DECENTRALIZATION, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, COMPETITIVENESS