Plan de inversión para el manejo sostenible y comercialización del rastrojo de la piña en la Agropecuaria Vásquez y Zúñiga en Guatuso de Alajuela.
Fecha
2024
Autores
Calderón Zamora, Marcela
Rodríguez Matarrita, Rachel Rebeca
Vargas Martínez, Andrea Mayeli
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Sede Regional Chorotega
Resumen
Este documento consiste en la elaboración de un plan de inversión para el manejo sostenible y
comercialización del rastrojo de piña en la Agropecuaria Vásquez y Zúñiga en Guatuso de
Alajuela.
La problemática que existe se caracteriza por los altos desperdicios de piña que deja esta actividad
agrícola, pese a que la piña se encuentre en buen estado, en muchos casos, se deja por no cumplir
con los requerimientos de calidad que solicita la empresa que las compra, a este sobrante se le
conoce como rastrojo de piña, por tal motivo, se pretende darle un correcto aprovechamiento a
este, por medio de la elaboración de ensilaje de piña para alimentación de ganado.
Por otra parte, la metodología aplicada y el tipo de investigación se define como mixto, analítico
y descriptivo, debido a que se efectuaron datos financieros, al igual que información generada en
las entrevistas aplicadas para conocer la aceptación del producto. Por otra parte, el enfoque de la
investigación es cuantitativo y cualitativo, ya que se generaron cálculos financieros y teóricos
donde se detalla el producto.
Además, las fuentes utilizadas se clasificaron en primarias, ya que se realizó una entrevista con
uno de los propietarios de la empresa, para conocer la historia, información relevante para para el
desarrollo del proyecto, asimismo, se acudió a la municipalidad del cantón para obtener un listado
de las cantidades de veterinarias, almacenes de venta de concentrados y supermercados que se
encuentran distribuidos en la zona, siendo esta la población en estudio.
Asimismo, como se menciona en el objetivo general, se contempló proponer el plan de inversión,
con el fin de implementar nuevas alternativas para el aprovechamiento del rastrojo de piña.
Además, basados en los objetivos específicos se elaboró un estudio de mercado, que determinara
la oferta y demanda del producto para su comercialización.
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En el sector de Guatuso, una de las actividades más explotadas por los habitantes de la zona es la
ganadería, por lo que adquirir un producto para la alimentación del ganado es una ventaja para
quienes se dedican a esta actividad, según las investigaciones realizadas a los comercios del cantón,
estos estarían interesados en adquirir el producto, sin embargo, el precio es considerado una
desventaja para el proyecto y los altos niveles de demanda.
Seguidamente, como segundo objetivo específico, se efectuó un estudio técnico, en el cual se
muestran los procesos que se deben seguir para lograr la elaboración del producto y su
comercialización en cada uno de los locales de la zona, especialmente agro veterinarias,
supermercados y almacenes de venta de concentrado. Además, en el estudio se estimaron los
costos de la maquinaria, e insumos esenciales para la elaboración del producto.
En el tercer objetivo, se realizó un estudio financiero para determinar la rentabilidad que obtendría
la empresa, mediante el aprovechamiento del rastrojo para la elaboración del ensilaje. En este
capítulo se determina que el proyecto de venta de sacos de ensilaje de piña no es rentable para la
agropecuaria Vásquez y Zúñiga, debido al alto porcentaje que representa el costo de producción
en las ventas, por ende, este no logra cubrir sus gastos operativos, trayendo consigo utilidades
negativas.
Para finalizar con los objetivos del plan de inversión, se le realizó una serie de recomendaciones a
la agropecuaria con el propósito de que estos pongan en prácticas nuevas alternativas que les
permitan aprovechar el rastrojo de piña, y ver si es posible comercializarlo en un futuro.
También, se empleó fuentes secundarias, como lo fueron páginas web, libros y tesis, donde se
consultó información esencial para el desarrollo del trabajo. Al igual que se ejecutó instrumentos
para la recolección de información como lo fueron la entrevista, la revisión literaria y cotizaciones
de los insumos y maquinaria para la elaboración del producto.
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Para la obtención del estudio financiero, fue indispensable aplicar diferentes indicadores que
permiten mostrar el éxito del proyecto dentro de la agropecuaria, estos son importantes para tomar
mejores decisiones estratégicas, evaluar el equilibrio financiero y su índice de rentabilidad.
Para concluir, abordados los diferentes capítulos, se recomienda a los propietarios de la
agropecuaria buscar alternativas que les permitan aprovechar los sobrantes de piña, evitando la
contaminación del medio ambiente.
Una nueva alternativa que podría probar la empresa sería participar en ferias o programas para que
puedan vender el producto (piña) en el cantón de Guatuso, con precios que atraigan la atención del
mayor número posible de clientes, y el producto pueda ser comercializado de otra manera, y no
solo importado con la empresa Orsero.
This document consists of the preparation of an investment plan for the sustainable management and commercialization of pineapple stubble at Agropecuaria Vásquez y Zúñiga in Guatuso de Alajuela. The problem that exists is characterized by the high pineapple waste left by this agricultural activity, despite the fact that the pineapple is in good condition, in many cases it is left because it does not meet the quality requirements requested by the company that buys it, this surplus is known as pineapple stubble, it is for this reason that it is intended to give it a correct use, through the preparation of pineapple silage for livestock feed. On the one hand, the already applied methodology and the type of research is defined as mixed, analytical and descriptive, this is due to the fact that financial data was carried out, as well as information generated in the applied interviews to know the acceptance of the product. On the other hand, the research approach is quantitative and qualitative, since financial and theoretical calculations were generated where the product is detailed. In addition, the sources used were classified as primary, since an interview was conducted with one of the owners of the company, to know the history, relevant information for the development of the project, likewise, the municipality of the canton was consulted to obtain a list of the quantities of veterinarians and stores selling concentrates and supermarkets that are distributed in the area, this being the population under study. Likewise, as mentioned in the general objective, it was contemplated to propose the investment plan, in order to implement new alternatives for the use of pineapple stubble. In addition, based on the specific objectives, a market study was prepared, which determined the supply and demand of the product for its commercialization. In Guatuso sector, one of the most common activities by the inhabitants of the area is livestock, so purchasing a product to feed livestock is an advantage for those who are engaged in this activity, according to research carried out on farmers. Businesses in the canton, they would be interested in purchasing the product, however, the price is considered a disadvantage for the project and the high levels of demand. Moreover, as a second specific objective, a technical study was carried out, which shows the processes that must be followed to achieve the elaboration of the product and its commercialization in each of the premises in the area, especially agro veterinarians, supermarkets, and warehouses. In addition, the study shows an estimated cost of machinery and essential inputs for the production. In the third objective, a financial study was carried out to determine the profitability that the company would obtain through the use of stubble for the production of silage. In this chapter it is determined that the project for the sale of pineapple silage bags is not profitable for the Vásquez and Zúñiga’s farm, due to the high percentage represented by the cost of production in sales, therefore, it cannot cover its operating expenses, bringing with it negative profits. To finish with the objectives of the investment plan, some recommendations were made to the farmers as the purpose of putting into practice new alternatives that allow them to take advantage of the pineapple stubble and see if it is possible to market it in the future. Also, secondary sources were used, such as web pages, books, and theses, where essential information was consulted for the development of the work. In the same way, instruments for the collection of information were executed, such as the interview, the literary review and prices of the inputs and machinery to produce the product.
This document consists of the preparation of an investment plan for the sustainable management and commercialization of pineapple stubble at Agropecuaria Vásquez y Zúñiga in Guatuso de Alajuela. The problem that exists is characterized by the high pineapple waste left by this agricultural activity, despite the fact that the pineapple is in good condition, in many cases it is left because it does not meet the quality requirements requested by the company that buys it, this surplus is known as pineapple stubble, it is for this reason that it is intended to give it a correct use, through the preparation of pineapple silage for livestock feed. On the one hand, the already applied methodology and the type of research is defined as mixed, analytical and descriptive, this is due to the fact that financial data was carried out, as well as information generated in the applied interviews to know the acceptance of the product. On the other hand, the research approach is quantitative and qualitative, since financial and theoretical calculations were generated where the product is detailed. In addition, the sources used were classified as primary, since an interview was conducted with one of the owners of the company, to know the history, relevant information for the development of the project, likewise, the municipality of the canton was consulted to obtain a list of the quantities of veterinarians and stores selling concentrates and supermarkets that are distributed in the area, this being the population under study. Likewise, as mentioned in the general objective, it was contemplated to propose the investment plan, in order to implement new alternatives for the use of pineapple stubble. In addition, based on the specific objectives, a market study was prepared, which determined the supply and demand of the product for its commercialization. In Guatuso sector, one of the most common activities by the inhabitants of the area is livestock, so purchasing a product to feed livestock is an advantage for those who are engaged in this activity, according to research carried out on farmers. Businesses in the canton, they would be interested in purchasing the product, however, the price is considered a disadvantage for the project and the high levels of demand. Moreover, as a second specific objective, a technical study was carried out, which shows the processes that must be followed to achieve the elaboration of the product and its commercialization in each of the premises in the area, especially agro veterinarians, supermarkets, and warehouses. In addition, the study shows an estimated cost of machinery and essential inputs for the production. In the third objective, a financial study was carried out to determine the profitability that the company would obtain through the use of stubble for the production of silage. In this chapter it is determined that the project for the sale of pineapple silage bags is not profitable for the Vásquez and Zúñiga’s farm, due to the high percentage represented by the cost of production in sales, therefore, it cannot cover its operating expenses, bringing with it negative profits. To finish with the objectives of the investment plan, some recommendations were made to the farmers as the purpose of putting into practice new alternatives that allow them to take advantage of the pineapple stubble and see if it is possible to market it in the future. Also, secondary sources were used, such as web pages, books, and theses, where essential information was consulted for the development of the work. In the same way, instruments for the collection of information were executed, such as the interview, the literary review and prices of the inputs and machinery to produce the product.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ADMINISTRACION, GESTION FINANCIERA, COMERCIALIZACON, ESTUDIOS DE MERCADO, PIÑA, OFERTA Y DEMANDA, GUATUSO (CANTON), ALAJUELA (COSTA RICA), ADMINISTRATION, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, MARKETING, MARKET RESEARCH, PINEAPPLE, SUPPLY AND DEMAND