Aspectos poblacionales y ecológicos de los peces demersales del Caribe colombiano norte y su relación con el hábitat
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Fecha
2009
Autores
Gillot Illidge, Lia Carolina
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Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Esta investigación se basó en la determinación de patrones de distribución espacial de algunas especies de peces demersales del Caribe colombiano norte y de las relaciones existentes con las variables de su hábitat (temperatura de fondo, salinidad, profundidad y tipo de sedimento), con el fin de establecer condiciones ambientalmente importantes para su desarrollo y el de sus pesquerías. La información sobre la ictiofauna demersal proviene del crucero AMP 0206 del proyecto "Las Areas Marinas Protegidas (ANQs): una herramienta de manejo para las pesquerías demersales en la zona norte del Caribe colombiano", realizado del 8 al 16 de febrero de 2006 en la plataforma caribeña norte, desde el Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona hasta Puerto Estrella. Los peces demersales revelaron una distribución en agregaciones, con núcleos de alta abundancia en Punta Gallinas, el Cabo de la Vela y frente a Manaure, mientras que entre Dibulla y la desembocadura del río Buritaca se presentó un núcleo de abundancia media compuesto principalmente por juveniles. Con la utilización de los Modelos Aditivos Generalizados (GAM) se lograron establecer asociaciones significativas entre la distribución espacial de la abundancia y de las tallas de algunas especies principalmente con la temperatura, salinidad y tipo de sedimento. Se encontró que los individuos de tallas menores se localizaron en latitudes bajas, mientras que los de tallas mayores se ubicaron en latitudes altas al utilizar la latitud como variable predictora en la modelación. En cuanto a la diversidad, se presentaron asociaciones con la temperatura de fondo y el tipo de sedimento, pero fue la temperatura de fondo la que "explicó" mejor dicha asociación.
This research was based on the determination of spatial distribution patterns of some species of demersal fish from the northern Colombian Caribbean and the existing relationships with the variables of their habitat (bottom temperature, salinity, depth and type of sediment), in order to to establish environmentally important conditions for their development and that of their fisheries. The information on the demersal ichthyofauna comes from the AMP 0206 cruise of the project "Protected Marine Areas (ANQs): a management tool for demersal fisheries in the northern zone of the Colombian Caribbean", carried out from February 8 to 16, 2006 in the northern Caribbean platform, from the Tayrona National Natural Park to Puerto Estrella. The demersal fish revealed a distribution in aggregations, with nuclei of high abundance in Punta Gallinas, Cabo de la Vela and off Manaure, while between Dibulla and the mouth of the Buritaca River there was a nuclei of medium abundance composed mainly of juveniles. With the use of Generalized Additive Models (GAM) it was possible to establish significant associations between the spatial distribution of abundance and the sizes of some species, mainly with temperature, salinity and type of sediment. It was found that individuals with smaller sizes were located in low latitudes, while those with larger sizes were located in high latitudes when using latitude as a predictor variable in the modeling. Regarding diversity, there were associations with the bottom temperature and the type of sediment, but it was the bottom temperature that "explained" the association best.
This research was based on the determination of spatial distribution patterns of some species of demersal fish from the northern Colombian Caribbean and the existing relationships with the variables of their habitat (bottom temperature, salinity, depth and type of sediment), in order to to establish environmentally important conditions for their development and that of their fisheries. The information on the demersal ichthyofauna comes from the AMP 0206 cruise of the project "Protected Marine Areas (ANQs): a management tool for demersal fisheries in the northern zone of the Colombian Caribbean", carried out from February 8 to 16, 2006 in the northern Caribbean platform, from the Tayrona National Natural Park to Puerto Estrella. The demersal fish revealed a distribution in aggregations, with nuclei of high abundance in Punta Gallinas, Cabo de la Vela and off Manaure, while between Dibulla and the mouth of the Buritaca River there was a nuclei of medium abundance composed mainly of juveniles. With the use of Generalized Additive Models (GAM) it was possible to establish significant associations between the spatial distribution of abundance and the sizes of some species, mainly with temperature, salinity and type of sediment. It was found that individuals with smaller sizes were located in low latitudes, while those with larger sizes were located in high latitudes when using latitude as a predictor variable in the modeling. Regarding diversity, there were associations with the bottom temperature and the type of sediment, but it was the bottom temperature that "explained" the association best.
Descripción
Guillot Illidge, L. C. (2009). Aspectos poblacionales y ecológicos de los peces demersales del Caribe colombiano norte y su relación con el hábitat. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Puntarenas, C. R.
Palabras clave
ICTIOLOGIA, ICHTHYOLOGY, PECES, RECURSOS PESQUEROS, FISHING RESOURCES, PROTECCION AMBIENTAL, HABITAT, DISTRIBUCION ESPACIAL, COLOMBIA