Caracterización del sustrato y el agua intersticial del manglar de Mata de Limón, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
Fecha
2023-01-09
Autores
Guzmán-Sánchez, Yixlen
Vargas-Solano, José Andrés
Arrieta-Sancho, Ana Lucía
Esquivel-Martín, Esteban
Rojas-Ortega, Gustavo
Villalobos-Chacón, Luis
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Los manglares son sistemas que mediante la interacción marino terrestre varían
durante el tiempo y son altamente productivos. El objetivo del estudio fue
describir la granulometría, parámetros fisicoquímicos y nutrientes del humedal
de Mata de Limón. En el año 2014, se establecieron seis parcelas de monitoreo
para analizar los sedimentos, nutrientes y parámetros fisicoquímicos. Se encontró
mayor presencia de arenas, en especial las gruesas. Los valores de pH fueron muy
similares, la mayoría cercanos a 8; mientras que la oxidación-reducción mostró
una predominancia a procesos reductivos con un mínimo de -54 y un máximo
de -3 mV. En cuanto a los nutrientes la concentración más alta de amonio fue
de 29.2 µmol/L, en tanto que la más baja fue de cero. En el caso del nitrato, la
superior fue de 30.53 µmol/L, y la inferior de 1.01 µmol/L. Tanto para los fosfatos
como los silicatos, la mayor fue de 21.59 y 174.95 µmol/L, y la menor de 0.71 y
19.66 µmol/L respectivamente. El humedal de Mata de Limón está conformado
mayormente por arenas; los parámetros fisicoquímicos están afectados por
variaciones espaciotemporales, y un alto contenido de nutrientes. Sin embargo, es
perturbado por presiones antropogénicas, causando inestabilidad en las variables
evaluadas, lo que incrementa su complejidad; por el contrario, el sistema fluvial
corresponde a un patrón más estable con cambios predecibles al interior del
ecosistema
Mangroves are systems that, through land-sea interaction, vary in time and are highly productive. The objective of the study was to describe the granulometry, physicochemical parameters, and nutrients of the Mata de Limón Wetlands. In 2014, six monitoring plots were established to analyze the sediments, nutrients and physicochemical parameters. A greater presence of sand was found, especially thick sand. The pH values were very similar, most of them close to 8, while oxidation-reduction values showed a predominance of reductive processes with a minimum value of -54 and a maximum value of -3 mV. Regarding nutrients, the maximum concentration of ammonium was 29.2 µmol/L, while the minimum was zero. In the case of nitrate, the highest was 30.53 µmol/L and the lowest was 1.01 µmol/L. For both phosphates and silicates, the maximum values were 21.59 and 174.95 µmol/L, and the minimum were 0.71 and 19.66 µmol/L, respectively. The Mata de Limón Wetlands are comprised mainly by sand; the physicochemical parameters are affected by spatiotemporal variations and a high quantity of nutrients. Nevertheless, it is disturbed by anthropogenic pressures, causing instability in the evaluated variables, which increases their complexity; on the contrary, the river system corresponds to a more stable pattern with predictable changes to the interior of the ecosystem.
Mangroves are systems that, through land-sea interaction, vary in time and are highly productive. The objective of the study was to describe the granulometry, physicochemical parameters, and nutrients of the Mata de Limón Wetlands. In 2014, six monitoring plots were established to analyze the sediments, nutrients and physicochemical parameters. A greater presence of sand was found, especially thick sand. The pH values were very similar, most of them close to 8, while oxidation-reduction values showed a predominance of reductive processes with a minimum value of -54 and a maximum value of -3 mV. Regarding nutrients, the maximum concentration of ammonium was 29.2 µmol/L, while the minimum was zero. In the case of nitrate, the highest was 30.53 µmol/L and the lowest was 1.01 µmol/L. For both phosphates and silicates, the maximum values were 21.59 and 174.95 µmol/L, and the minimum were 0.71 and 19.66 µmol/L, respectively. The Mata de Limón Wetlands are comprised mainly by sand; the physicochemical parameters are affected by spatiotemporal variations and a high quantity of nutrients. Nevertheless, it is disturbed by anthropogenic pressures, causing instability in the evaluated variables, which increases their complexity; on the contrary, the river system corresponds to a more stable pattern with predictable changes to the interior of the ecosystem.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ESTRUCTURA DEL MANGLAR, SEDIMENTOS, COMPONENTES ABIÓTICOS, NITRÓGENO, MANGLAR PERIURBANO