Caracterización de los sistemas operacionales, modalidades y artes de pesca utilizados para la captura de la langosta Panulirus Gracilis (Streets, 1871) en Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Fecha
2010-12
Autores
Naranjo-Madrigal, Helven
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Se describen las dos modalidades de pesca que se utilizan en la captura de la langosta del Pacífico Panulirus gracilis (Streets, 1871) en la región de Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Estas modalidades son el buceo a pulmón y el buceo con compresor, asociadas a un único arte de pesca llamado “bichero”, arte que tiene la singularidad de ser muy versátil y permite la captura de otras especies de interés comercial. Su uso, asociado a la modalidad de pesca del buceo con compresor, podría estar ocasionando una dispersión de la langosta y una alteración en sus parámetros de crecimiento; además, deja la selectividad en las tallas que se capturan a decisión del pescador. Asimismo, se describen los equipos que se utilizan en ambas modalidades de pesca, así como la forma en que operan, incluyendo los riesgos que representa el buceo con compresor para la integridad física de los pescadores. A partir del análisis realizado, se recomiendan otros tipos de artes de pesca selectivos, considerando que los sistemas tradicionales de pesca han impactado negativamente la disponibilidad de la langosta y demás especies a través de los años.
We describe two fishing methods used in the fishery for the Pacific spiny lobster Panulirus gracilis (Streets, 1871) in Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, which include lung diving and “hookah” diving (using a compressor) associated with a single gear called “bichero”. This fishing gear is unique in being extremely versatile as it allows capturing other species of commercial interest. However, the use of this gear under water with the “hookah” fishing modality could potentially cause lobster dispersal and affect lobster growth, and also leaves the size selectivity as a decision that has to be made by fishermen. It also describes the equipment used in both fishing styles, as well as how they operate and the physical risks posed by “hookah” for fishermen. Furthermore, we recommended other types of selective fishing gear, whereas traditional fishing systems have negatively impacted the availability of lobster and other species through the years.
We describe two fishing methods used in the fishery for the Pacific spiny lobster Panulirus gracilis (Streets, 1871) in Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, which include lung diving and “hookah” diving (using a compressor) associated with a single gear called “bichero”. This fishing gear is unique in being extremely versatile as it allows capturing other species of commercial interest. However, the use of this gear under water with the “hookah” fishing modality could potentially cause lobster dispersal and affect lobster growth, and also leaves the size selectivity as a decision that has to be made by fishermen. It also describes the equipment used in both fishing styles, as well as how they operate and the physical risks posed by “hookah” for fishermen. Furthermore, we recommended other types of selective fishing gear, whereas traditional fishing systems have negatively impacted the availability of lobster and other species through the years.
Descripción
Palabras clave
LANGOSTA, PESCA, RECURSOS ECONÓMICOS, DEMANDA, MERCADO INTERNO, PESCA ARTESANAL, GUANACASTE (COSTA RICA), LOBSTER, ARTISANAL FISHING