La alimentación de la población costarricense en los siglox XIX y XX: La clase social y los proletarios
Fecha
2017
Autores
Cartín Brenes, Mayra
Rojas Muñoz, María Nielssen
Aguilar Mata, Guillermo
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Este artículo pretende indagar cómo en Costa Rica la comida se convirtió en la expresión de la diferenciación social –indicativo de clase y rango-en el momento remoto en que algunas personas empezaron a disponer de más recursos alimenticios que otros. De esta forma, la cocina de un grupo humano puede concebirse como el cuerpo de prácticas, de representación, de reglas y de normas que reposan sobre clasificaciones, cuya función esencial es precisamente dar resolución a esta paradoja. El período en estudio inicia en 1850 hasta 1930. Para este primer período Costa Rica ya tiene una detectable importación de productos elaborados, situación que se incrementa en el trascurso de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX con el aumento de las exportaciones de café a Inglaterra. Estos habitantes, muchos de ellos ligados a la producción y comercio del café se europeízan en sus hábitos de consumo y de esta manera la ciudad de San José se consolidó como “el centro” de la política, la cultura, el comercio, los servicios y la producción agroexportadora lo que conllevó a “la diferencia” entre dos mundos: uno rural, oral, basado en lealtades locales, y otro urbano cada vez más cosmopolita y letrado.
This article aims to investigate how in Costa Rica food became the expression of social differentiation -indicative of class and rank -in the remote moment when some people began to have more food resources than others. In this way, the kitchen of a human group can be conceived as the body of practices, representation, rules and norms that rest on classifications, whose essential function is precisely to resolve this paradox. The period studied began in 1850, when Costa Rica already has a detectable importation of processed products, a situation that increasedin the second half of the nineteenth century with the increase of coffee exports to England. These inhabitants, many of them linked to the production and trade of coffee, are Europeanized in their habits of consumption and in this way the city of San Joséhas consolidated itself as the "center" of politics, culture, commerce, services and agro-export production which led to "the difference between two worlds: one rural, oral, based on local loyalties, and another urban increasingly cosmopolitan and literate
This article aims to investigate how in Costa Rica food became the expression of social differentiation -indicative of class and rank -in the remote moment when some people began to have more food resources than others. In this way, the kitchen of a human group can be conceived as the body of practices, representation, rules and norms that rest on classifications, whose essential function is precisely to resolve this paradox. The period studied began in 1850, when Costa Rica already has a detectable importation of processed products, a situation that increasedin the second half of the nineteenth century with the increase of coffee exports to England. These inhabitants, many of them linked to the production and trade of coffee, are Europeanized in their habits of consumption and in this way the city of San Joséhas consolidated itself as the "center" of politics, culture, commerce, services and agro-export production which led to "the difference between two worlds: one rural, oral, based on local loyalties, and another urban increasingly cosmopolitan and literate
Descripción
Palabras clave
ALIMENTACIÓN, FEEDING, COMERCIO AGRÍCOLA, AGRICULTURAL TRADE, CAFÉ, COFFEE, EXPORTACIONES, EXPORTS