Oftalmología veterinaria en especies menores con énfasis en trastornos oculares externos en caninos
Fecha
2014-01-22
Autores
Angulo Villegas, Alexander
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La finalidad primordial de este trabajo, fue adquirir experiencia y destrezas en el
reconocimiento y abordaje de las afecciones del ojo canino, sobre todo el diagnóstico de los
trastornos oculares externos, los cuales son de fácil evaluación, no se necesita mucho equipo para
su abordaje y representan una casuística alta en la mayoría de centros médicos.
Para cumplir dicho objetivo, se realizó una pasantía en dos centros médicos veterinarios
en al área de Heredia, Costa Rica. El Centro Médico Veterinario San Joaquín y el Hospital de
Especies Menores y Silvestres de la Universidad Nacional (HEM). Dicha pasantía tuvo una
duración de tres meses, específicamente realizada del 15 de mayo al 15 de agosto del año 2011.
En ambos centros médicos, eran revisados los pacientes, realizando un examen objetivo
general completo, así como una minuciosa revisión mediante la aplicación de técnicas para el
correcto diagnóstico y tratamiento de patologías externas del ojo en caninos, además, la
recopilación de dichos datos oftalmológicos eran archivados en fichas clínicas específicas
desarrolladas para la práctica.
Durante el desarrollo de la pasantía, se evaluaron 208 pacientes entre ambos centros de
estudio, donde solamente se diagnosticaron enfermedad ocular externa en 83 de los casos
(39.9%). El grupo de patologías que fueron diagnosticada con mayor frecuencia, fueron las blefaritis o
inflamaciones palpebrales de distintas etiologías (5.7%), mientras que en su contraparte, los hipemas y
luxación evidente el lente ocular fueron las menos encontradas, solamente con un caso reportado de
cada una de estas patologías (0.4%).
Se concluye con dicho trabajo, que mediante técnicas sencillas y de poco valor
económico, se facilita el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la mayoría de afecciones externas del ojo
canino, promoviendo de esta manera la salud y el bienestar animal.
The main object of this work was to acquire experience and skills in the recognition and approach of canine eye conditions, specially the diagnosis of external eye diseases, which are easy to evaluate, they don’t need much equipment and they represent a high casuistry in most medical centers. To achieve this objective, an internship was performed in two veterinary medical centers in Heredia, Costa Rica. The Centro Médico Veterinario San Joaquín and the Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres of the Universidad Nacional. This internship, was performed from May 15th to August 15th of 2011. In both medical centers, all patients were evaluated, a complete objective examination was done, also a thorough examination by applying techniques for the correct diagnoses and treatment of external pathologies of the eye in canines was performed. The recompilation of such data was recorded in a specific clinical record developed for this practice. During the time of the internship, 208 patients were evaluated between both study centers, in only 83 (39.9%) of the cases an external eye disease was diagnosed. The pathology that was diagnosed with more frequency was blepharitis or palpebral inflammation of different etiologies (5.7 %), while on the other hand, hypemas and evident ocular lense luxation was the less frecuent, with only one case reported for each one of these pathologies (0.4%). This work concludes that with simple techniques and with a little economical expense the diagnosis and treatment of most external canine eye affections is facilitated, promoting animal health and welfare.
The main object of this work was to acquire experience and skills in the recognition and approach of canine eye conditions, specially the diagnosis of external eye diseases, which are easy to evaluate, they don’t need much equipment and they represent a high casuistry in most medical centers. To achieve this objective, an internship was performed in two veterinary medical centers in Heredia, Costa Rica. The Centro Médico Veterinario San Joaquín and the Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres of the Universidad Nacional. This internship, was performed from May 15th to August 15th of 2011. In both medical centers, all patients were evaluated, a complete objective examination was done, also a thorough examination by applying techniques for the correct diagnoses and treatment of external pathologies of the eye in canines was performed. The recompilation of such data was recorded in a specific clinical record developed for this practice. During the time of the internship, 208 patients were evaluated between both study centers, in only 83 (39.9%) of the cases an external eye disease was diagnosed. The pathology that was diagnosed with more frequency was blepharitis or palpebral inflammation of different etiologies (5.7 %), while on the other hand, hypemas and evident ocular lense luxation was the less frecuent, with only one case reported for each one of these pathologies (0.4%). This work concludes that with simple techniques and with a little economical expense the diagnosis and treatment of most external canine eye affections is facilitated, promoting animal health and welfare.
Descripción
Modalidad: Pasantía
Palabras clave
MEDICINA VETERINARIA, PERRO, ENFERMEDADES DE LOS OJOS, OFTALMOLOGIA VETERINARIA, DIAGNOSTICO (MEDICINA), PROTOCOLO