Estructura del fitoplancton en las épocas seca y lluviosa en el golfo de Papagayo, Costa Rica
Fecha
2018-07
Autores
Loza Álvarez, Sandra
BENAVIDES, ROSARIO
Brenes Rodríguez, Carlos L.
Ballestero Sakson, Daniel
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Con el propósito de estudiar la estructura de la comunidad fitoplanctónica en el golfo de Papagayo, se realizaron 2 muestreos en febrero y junio del 2017, y se analizó adicionalmente información hidrográfica. Su composición estuvo dominada, en ambas épocas, por diatomeas, dinoflagelados, cianobacterias y flagelados. La fracción de diatomeas aportó mayoritariamente a la estructura del fitoplancton con 41 taxa, luego los dinoflagelados con 20. En las diatomeas, los géneros más abundantes y con mayor frecuencia de aparición fueron Rhizosolenia sp., Guinardia sp. y Thalassiosira sp. En los dinoflagelados, Tripos furca predominó en la estación 20 en Bahía Culebra y resultó frecuente Gyrodiniumspirale, así como los géneros Gymnodinium sp., Gyro dinium sp. y Amphidinium sp. Las cianobacterias estuvieron representadas, principalmente, por formas chroocoides de los géneros Anacystis sp. y Chroococcus sp., al igual que las haptoficeas y los flagelados, por los coccolitoforidos y el género Chrysocromulina sp., respectivamente. En febrero, la concentración fitoplanctónica varió entre 326 y 1063 cél mL-1, y en junio entre 653 y 1041 cél mL-1, con características mesotróficas en ambas épocas. La hidrografía estuvo
regulada por el ciclo anual de precipitaciones y el afloramiento estacional costero de Papagayo. En febrero, respecto a octubre, la temperatura superficial descendió 3°C, la salinidad ascendió 2 y la concentración de clorofila-a aumentó en 0.5 mg .m-3. Aguas más cálidas, menos salinas y con menores concentraciones de clorofila-a en octubre (T > 29°C, S < 32.2, Chl-a < 0.5 mg m-3) contrastan con lo observado en febrero.
In order to study the phytoplankton structure in the gulf of Papagayo, 2 sampling cruises were conducted in February and June of 2017, and hydrographic information was additionally analyzed. The phytoplankton composition was dominated in both months by diatoms, dinoflagellates, cyano bacteria and flagellates. The fraction of diatoms contributed mainly to the with 41 taxa, followed by dinoflagellates with 20 taxa. In diatoms, the genera with the greatest contribution to diversity and frequency were Rhizosolenia sp., Guinardia sp., and Thalassiosira sp. In the case of dinoflagellates, Tripos furca predominated in station 20 located in Culebra Bay, while Gyrodiniumspirale was frequent, as well as genera Gymnodinium sp., Gyrodinium sp., and Amphidinium sp. Cyanobacteria were mainly composed by genera Analysis sp. and Chroococcus sp. and haptoficeas and flagellates, by the Coccolitoforids and the genus Chrysocromulina sp., respectively. In February the phytoplankton concentration varied between 326 and 1063 cells mL-1, and in June between 653 and 1041 cells mL-1, with mesotrophic characteristics in both seasons. The gulf’s hydrography is regulated by the annual rainfall cycle and the seasonal coastal upwelling of Papagayo. In February, as opposed to October, surface temperature decreased by 3°C, salinity increased by 2 and chlorophyll-a concentration increased by 0.5 mg .m-3. Warmer waters, with lower saline and chlorophyll-a concentrations in October (T > 29°, S < 32.2, Chl-a < 0.5 mg m-3) are opposed to February results.
In order to study the phytoplankton structure in the gulf of Papagayo, 2 sampling cruises were conducted in February and June of 2017, and hydrographic information was additionally analyzed. The phytoplankton composition was dominated in both months by diatoms, dinoflagellates, cyano bacteria and flagellates. The fraction of diatoms contributed mainly to the with 41 taxa, followed by dinoflagellates with 20 taxa. In diatoms, the genera with the greatest contribution to diversity and frequency were Rhizosolenia sp., Guinardia sp., and Thalassiosira sp. In the case of dinoflagellates, Tripos furca predominated in station 20 located in Culebra Bay, while Gyrodiniumspirale was frequent, as well as genera Gymnodinium sp., Gyrodinium sp., and Amphidinium sp. Cyanobacteria were mainly composed by genera Analysis sp. and Chroococcus sp. and haptoficeas and flagellates, by the Coccolitoforids and the genus Chrysocromulina sp., respectively. In February the phytoplankton concentration varied between 326 and 1063 cells mL-1, and in June between 653 and 1041 cells mL-1, with mesotrophic characteristics in both seasons. The gulf’s hydrography is regulated by the annual rainfall cycle and the seasonal coastal upwelling of Papagayo. In February, as opposed to October, surface temperature decreased by 3°C, salinity increased by 2 and chlorophyll-a concentration increased by 0.5 mg .m-3. Warmer waters, with lower saline and chlorophyll-a concentrations in October (T > 29°, S < 32.2, Chl-a < 0.5 mg m-3) are opposed to February results.
Descripción
Palabras clave
DIATOMEAS, DINOFLAGELLIDA, HIDROGRAFÍA, HYDROGRAPHY, BIOLOGÍA MARINA, FITOPLANCTON, COSTA RICA, MARINE BIOLOGY