Entre el poder de la semilla y del mercado: la producción de papa y el sistema agroalimentario en Costa Rica (1943-2015)
Fecha
2016
Autores
Coto Cedeño, Wainer Ignacio
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Esta tesis analiza, desde una perspectiva histórica, el desarrollo del cultivo de la papa en la Zona Norte de Cartago, a lo largo del período 1943-2015. En primer lugar, se describe el contexto agroecológico de la zona de estudio y la influencia del Volcán Irazú en el sector papero. En segundo lugar, se explica el proceso de cambio tecnológico que experimentó la agricultura del tubérculo a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, en el contexto de la denominada Revolución Verde. Para ello, se indaga sobre la labor del Instituto de Asuntos Interamericanos (IAI), el Instituto Interamericano de Ciencias Agrícolas (IICA), el Servicio Técnico Interamericano de Cooperación Agrícola (STICA) y la Estación Experimental Dr. Carlos Durán en la producción de semilla de papa y la distribución de insumos químicos. En tercer lugar, y en amplia relación con el punto anterior, la investigación analiza el impacto social del proceso de tecnificación. Es decir, explora la dinámica de apropiación del paquete tecnológico por parte de los productores, así como el papel de los agrónomos en la distribución de los insumos. En cuarto lugar, se explica la estructura del mercado de la papa en Costa Rica. Específicamente, se estudia la participación de los intermediarios en la cadena de comercialización del tubérculo y la importación de papa procesada al país. En quinto lugar, se indaga sobre la evolución del consumo de la papa en el contexto del sistema agroalimentario costarricense. En este apartado se toman en cuenta aspectos como el desarrollo de los programas de alimentación y el crecimiento de la agroindustria en el país.
This thesis analyzes, from a historical perspective, the development of potato cultivation in the Northern Zone of Cartago, from 1943 to 2015. First, it describes the agroecological context of the study area and the influence of the Irazú Volcano on the potato sector. Second, it explains the process of technological change that potato agriculture underwent beginning in the second half of the 20th century, within the context of the so-called Green Revolution. To this end, it investigates the work of the Institute of Inter-American Affairs (IAI), the Inter-American Institute of Agricultural Sciences (IICA), the Inter-American Technical Service for Agricultural Cooperation (STICA), and the Dr. Carlos Durán Experimental Station in the production of potato seeds and the distribution of chemical inputs. Third, and broadly related to the previous point, the research analyzes the social impact of the technological transformation process. That is, it explores the dynamics of technological appropriation by producers, as well as the role of agronomists in the distribution of inputs. Fourth, it explains the structure of the potato market in Costa Rica. Specifically, it studies the participation of intermediaries in the tuber marketing chain and the importation of processed potatoes into the country. Fifth, it investigates the evolution of potato consumption within the context of the Costa Rican agrifood system. This section considers aspects such as the development of food programs and the growth of agribusiness in the country.
This thesis analyzes, from a historical perspective, the development of potato cultivation in the Northern Zone of Cartago, from 1943 to 2015. First, it describes the agroecological context of the study area and the influence of the Irazú Volcano on the potato sector. Second, it explains the process of technological change that potato agriculture underwent beginning in the second half of the 20th century, within the context of the so-called Green Revolution. To this end, it investigates the work of the Institute of Inter-American Affairs (IAI), the Inter-American Institute of Agricultural Sciences (IICA), the Inter-American Technical Service for Agricultural Cooperation (STICA), and the Dr. Carlos Durán Experimental Station in the production of potato seeds and the distribution of chemical inputs. Third, and broadly related to the previous point, the research analyzes the social impact of the technological transformation process. That is, it explores the dynamics of technological appropriation by producers, as well as the role of agronomists in the distribution of inputs. Fourth, it explains the structure of the potato market in Costa Rica. Specifically, it studies the participation of intermediaries in the tuber marketing chain and the importation of processed potatoes into the country. Fifth, it investigates the evolution of potato consumption within the context of the Costa Rican agrifood system. This section considers aspects such as the development of food programs and the growth of agribusiness in the country.
Descripción
Maestría en Historia Aplicada
Palabras clave
HISTORIA AGRARIA, AGRICULTURAL HISTORY, CAMBIO TECNOLÓGICO, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, COMERCIO AGRÍCOLA, AGRICULTURAL TRADE, AGRICULTURA, AGRICULTURE, PAPA, POTATO, REVOLUCIÓN VERDE
