Competitividad y pobreza en Honduras: implicaciones de la industria maquiladora de confección en la vida laboral femenina en la Zona Libre de Comayagua
Fecha
2006-03
Autores
Rivera Mejía, Jenny Maricela
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Esta investigación, se aboca específicamente a la evaluación del impacto de las
condiciones laborales sobre la situación de vida de las mujeres trabajadoras de las maquilas
de confección de la Zona Libre de Comayagua (ZOLI Comayagua), prevaleciendo como
hilos conductores, las implicaciones económicas y sociales del sector formal –en adición a
los factores estructurales propios del país– que determinan el desenvolvimiento de la vida
laboral de la mano de obra femenina y la de sus hogares, y a la vez, califican los efectos en
la situación de pobreza.
Para ello, se reconstruye el contexto cotidiano de la vida de las mujeres en ZOLI
Comayagua, en los aspectos relacionados con las condiciones primarias de vida, la calidad
de empleo y la estrategia competitiva del sector maquilador, desde una perspectiva
socioeconómica.
Con base en la información obtenida, se establecen las relaciones entre los actores
involucrados, logrando un resultado predominante: La pobreza de la mano de obra
femenina, se reproduce parcialmente por el contexto laboral de las maquilas de confección,
creando una modalidad de círculo vicioso, que condiciona de manera intergeneracional, las
carencias a las que se encuentran sujetas las mujeres trabajadoras del sector en cuestión.
This study is centered on an evaluation of the impact of the working conditions upon the personal lives of women employees in the garment industry of the Zona Libre de Comayagua (“Free Zone” of Comayagua, hereinafter “ZOLI Comayagua”). The social and economic conditions that prevail in the formal labor market – in addition to the structural factors of the national economy – are woven together in such a fashion that as their occupational and personal lives unfold it forms a heavy cloak of poverty that covers every aspect of their existence. In order to obtain a valid perspective, this work has undertaken a reconstruction of the daily routine of women’s lives in ZOLI Comayagua. It will center on aspects of relevance concerning the primary condition of their existence; that being the quality of their employment situation within the competitive strategy of the fabrication sector of the industry as taken from a socio-economic perspective. Relying on the data obtained, it will establish the relationships between the principal actors involved in the setting and arrive at a nearly uniform predominant response: The impoverishment of the female labor force is reproduced within the labor context of the garment industry. It has thereby initiated a new modality which has the characteristic of a vicious cycle, one that severely restricts the women’s capacity to satisfy their basic needs and further is being passed on from one generation to another.
This study is centered on an evaluation of the impact of the working conditions upon the personal lives of women employees in the garment industry of the Zona Libre de Comayagua (“Free Zone” of Comayagua, hereinafter “ZOLI Comayagua”). The social and economic conditions that prevail in the formal labor market – in addition to the structural factors of the national economy – are woven together in such a fashion that as their occupational and personal lives unfold it forms a heavy cloak of poverty that covers every aspect of their existence. In order to obtain a valid perspective, this work has undertaken a reconstruction of the daily routine of women’s lives in ZOLI Comayagua. It will center on aspects of relevance concerning the primary condition of their existence; that being the quality of their employment situation within the competitive strategy of the fabrication sector of the industry as taken from a socio-economic perspective. Relying on the data obtained, it will establish the relationships between the principal actors involved in the setting and arrive at a nearly uniform predominant response: The impoverishment of the female labor force is reproduced within the labor context of the garment industry. It has thereby initiated a new modality which has the characteristic of a vicious cycle, one that severely restricts the women’s capacity to satisfy their basic needs and further is being passed on from one generation to another.
Descripción
Maestría en Política Económica (MPE)
Palabras clave
CONDICIONES DE TRABAJO, EMPLEO DE LAS MUJERES, MAQUILA, POBREZA, HONDURAS, WORKING CONDITIONS, EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN, POVERTY