Forensic investigation of a 1986 outbreak of osteopetrosis in commercial brown layers reveals a Novel Avian Leukosis Virus–Related Genome
Fecha
2010-09-01
Autores
Barboza, Taylor
Ramírez, Marcia
Hafner, Scott
Cheng,A., Sunny
Zavala, Guillermo
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Asociación Estadounidense de Patólogos Aviares
Resumen
Se sabe que el virus de la leucosis aviar (VLA) causa varias enfermedades neoplásicas en pollos, como linfomas de células B, mielocitomas, eritroblastosis y otros tipos de neoplasia, incluyendo la osteopetrosis. En este trabajo, describimos la identificación de secuencias únicas de ADN proviral relacionadas con el VLA en un hueso de pollo archivado afectado con osteopetrosis. El hueso osteopetrótico se obtuvo de una gallina ponedora marrón afectada de 46 semanas de edad durante un brote de osteopetrosis en Costa Rica en 1986. El análisis del ADN proviral en el hueso osteopetrótico de 23 años de edad reveló secuencias exógenas únicas relacionadas con el VLA, denominadas CR-1986 (Costa Rica, 1986). Las repeticiones terminales largas (LTR) 5′ y 3′ en el ADN proviral fueron idénticas entre sí. Las regiones U3 en las LTR fueron las más similares a las secuencias equivalentes en el VLA-J, mientras que la región U5 fue idéntica a las secuencias endógenas conocidas del VLA-E. La proteína de envoltura CR-1986 predicha fue más similar a la envoltura del virus asociado a la mieloblastosis tipo 1 (MAV-1), aunque el porcentaje de similitud de la secuencia de aminoácidos con MAV-1 fue bajo (90,4%). Las regiones variables e hipervariables de gp85 mostraron varias mutaciones en comparación con cepas representativas de ALV. La proteína de envoltura gp37 (transmembrana o TM) mostró tres mutaciones de leucina a serina que pueden representar cambios importantes en la conformación de esta proteína, un hallazgo que se está investigando actualmente. Varios eventos de recombinación pueden haber contribuido a la aparición de CR-1986 porque cada segmento analizado fue similar a un ALV diferente. CR-1986 puede representar un ALV único basado en características distintivas de su proteína de envoltura predicha en comparación con los ALV informados previamente.
Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is known to cause several neoplastic conditions in chickens, such as B-cell lymphomas, myelocytomas, erythroblastosis, and other types of neoplasia including osteopetrosis. We describe herein the identification of unique ALV-related proviral DNA sequences in an archived chicken bone affected with osteopetrosis. The osteopetrotic bone was obtained from an affected 46-week-old brown layer during an outbreak of osteopetrosis in Costa Rica in 1986. Analysis of proviral DNA in the 23-year-old osteopetrotic bone revealed unique exogenous ALV-related sequences that were named CR-1986 (Costa Rica, 1986). The 59 and 39 long terminal repeats (LTR) in the proviral DNA were identical to each other. The U3 regions in the LTRs were most similar to equivalent sequences in ALV-J, while U5 was identical to known endogenous ALV-E sequences. The predicted CR-1986 envelope protein was most similar to the envelope of myeloblastosis associated virus type 1 (MAV-1), although the percentage of amino acid sequence similarity to MAV-1 was low (90.4%). The variable and hypervariable regions of gp85 displayed several mutations compared to representative strains of ALV. The gp37 (transmembrane or TM) envelope protein showed three leucine to serine mutations that may represent important changes in the conformation of this protein, a finding that is currently being investigated. Several recombination events may have contributed to the emergence of CR-1986 because each analyzed segment was similar to a different ALV. CR-1986 may represent a unique ALV based on distinctive characteristics of its predicted envelope protein in comparison to previously reported ALVs.
Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is known to cause several neoplastic conditions in chickens, such as B-cell lymphomas, myelocytomas, erythroblastosis, and other types of neoplasia including osteopetrosis. We describe herein the identification of unique ALV-related proviral DNA sequences in an archived chicken bone affected with osteopetrosis. The osteopetrotic bone was obtained from an affected 46-week-old brown layer during an outbreak of osteopetrosis in Costa Rica in 1986. Analysis of proviral DNA in the 23-year-old osteopetrotic bone revealed unique exogenous ALV-related sequences that were named CR-1986 (Costa Rica, 1986). The 59 and 39 long terminal repeats (LTR) in the proviral DNA were identical to each other. The U3 regions in the LTRs were most similar to equivalent sequences in ALV-J, while U5 was identical to known endogenous ALV-E sequences. The predicted CR-1986 envelope protein was most similar to the envelope of myeloblastosis associated virus type 1 (MAV-1), although the percentage of amino acid sequence similarity to MAV-1 was low (90.4%). The variable and hypervariable regions of gp85 displayed several mutations compared to representative strains of ALV. The gp37 (transmembrane or TM) envelope protein showed three leucine to serine mutations that may represent important changes in the conformation of this protein, a finding that is currently being investigated. Several recombination events may have contributed to the emergence of CR-1986 because each analyzed segment was similar to a different ALV. CR-1986 may represent a unique ALV based on distinctive characteristics of its predicted envelope protein in comparison to previously reported ALVs.
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AVES, GALLINAS PONEDORAS, ENFERMEDADES DE LOS ANIMALES, VIRUS, INDUSTRIA AVÍCOLA, POULTRY, LAYING HENS, ANIMAL DISEASES, POULTRY INDUSTRY, VIRUSES