Estrategias metodológicas para el desarrollo de las cuatro habilidades básicas del Idioma inglés a partir del conocimiento previo
Fecha
2018-02-12
Autores
López Morales, Cecilia
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Editor
Confederación de Adolescencia y Juventud de Iberoamérica y el Caribe [CODAJIC]
Resumen
Esta investigación se desarrolló bajo el principio de que el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera en un ambiente formal, en este caso el idioma Inglés, se aborda diferente al proceso de adquisición de una primera lengua o de una segunda lengua en su ambiente nativo proponiendo que el desarrollo lingüístico en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje debe ser fortalecido a través de la mediación andragógica en una población de estudiantes cuyo único contacto con el idioma meta, previo al ingreso a la universidad, fue su periodo de secundaria.
Se propuso el uso de ese conocimiento previo para desarrollar competencias en las cuatro habilidades básicas del idioma inglés. Por medio de un estudio de caso, se investigó cuales estrategias metodológicas podían ser efectivas para integrar sus conocimientos fonológicos, lingüísticos y gramaticales del inglés durante el primer nivel de la carrera.
Este estudio de caso, con alcance fenomenológico, por el interés y la necesidad de conocer y profundizar en la realidad de un grupo de estudiantes de primer ingreso a la carrera Bachillerato en la Enseñanza del Inglés, arrojó cinco estrategias metodológicas como apoyo a su proceso EFL enfocadas en activar el conocimiento previo para adquirir las nuevas estructuras cognitivas. Esa realidad fue interpretada desde una postura analítica y de observación no participante considerando características y procesos específicos o el comportamiento total del grupo, a través de un proceso interactivo entre la teoría, la experiencia, la práctica y la realidad interpretada. Esa realidad se afectó por medio de talleres con las cinco propuestas metodológicas con el propósito de nivelar conocimientos previos y desarrollar nuevos conocimientos dándoles a los estudiantes la oportunidad de mejorar su realidad académica en el primer año de la carrea Bachillerato en la Enseñanza del Inglés. Caso: Coto.
This research was developed under the principle that learning a foreign language in a formal environment, in this case English, should be approached differently from the acquisition process of a first language or a second language in a natural native environment. The research stated that the linguistic developmental sequence during the teaching-learning process might be strengthened through andragogic mediation favoring a population of students whose only contact with the target language, prior to start university, was high school time. The use of background knowledge was suggested as the main source to develop linguistic competence in the four basic language skills in English. This research, which was a case study, was oriented to find which methodological strategies were effective to integrate phonological, linguistic and grammatical knowledge. This case study with phenomenological scope, due to the interest and need to know and to deepen into the reality of a group of students of the first level of the major “English Teaching”, came up with five methodological strategies to support their EFL process. The strategies were focused on activating the background knowledge to acquire new structures. That reality was interpreted from an analytic posture and direct observation considering both, characteristics and specific processes and the whole behavior of the group through an interactive process between theory, experience, practice and the interpreted reality. This reality was affected by workshops designed to examine the methodological strategies to level the background knowledge and develop new knowledge providing students with the opportunity to improve their academic reality during their first level of the major, English Teaching, case: Coto.
This research was developed under the principle that learning a foreign language in a formal environment, in this case English, should be approached differently from the acquisition process of a first language or a second language in a natural native environment. The research stated that the linguistic developmental sequence during the teaching-learning process might be strengthened through andragogic mediation favoring a population of students whose only contact with the target language, prior to start university, was high school time. The use of background knowledge was suggested as the main source to develop linguistic competence in the four basic language skills in English. This research, which was a case study, was oriented to find which methodological strategies were effective to integrate phonological, linguistic and grammatical knowledge. This case study with phenomenological scope, due to the interest and need to know and to deepen into the reality of a group of students of the first level of the major “English Teaching”, came up with five methodological strategies to support their EFL process. The strategies were focused on activating the background knowledge to acquire new structures. That reality was interpreted from an analytic posture and direct observation considering both, characteristics and specific processes and the whole behavior of the group through an interactive process between theory, experience, practice and the interpreted reality. This reality was affected by workshops designed to examine the methodological strategies to level the background knowledge and develop new knowledge providing students with the opportunity to improve their academic reality during their first level of the major, English Teaching, case: Coto.
Descripción
Evento realizado en La Habana, entre el 12 y el 16 de febrero de 2018, bajo el lema "La universidad y la agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible" en en centenario de la Reforma de Córdoba.
Palabras clave
INGLÉS, ENSEÑANZA DE IDIOMAS, ESTUDIANTES, EDUCACIÓN DE ADULTOS, ENGLISH, LANGUAGE TEACHING, STUDENTS, ADULT EDUCATION