Estudio preliminar de tres modelos de destiladores solares para producir sal y agua potable
Fecha
1986-01-01
Autores
Nandwani Pahuja, Shyam Sunder
Marín Vonkoller, Silvia
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Hemos construido tres alambiques solares de 0,5-1,0 m 2 de área para producir agua salada y potable, utilizando tecnología local y materiales locales. Hemos estudiado el rendimiento térmico de estos alambiques en función de la intensidad solar, tapas, configuración geométrica, cantidad de agua, concentración de sales y enfriamiento artificial de la tapa. Algunos de los resultados importantes son: las destiladoras con tapa de vidrio destilan más agua que las destiladoras con tapa de plástico, la eficiencia térmica varía entre 10-30%, la cantidad de agua que se puede evaporar y condensar es de 2-4 l/día/m 2 ,existe un 25-60% de pérdida de agua en el alambique y finalmente el enfriamiento artificial de la tapa puede acelerar el proceso de condensación, etc. Finalmente hemos mencionado el análisis químico del agua destilada y normal del grifo.
We have constructed three solar stills of areas 0.5-1.0 m2 to produce salt and potable water, using local technology and local materials. We have studied the thermal efficiency of these stills as a function of solar intensity, covers, geometrical configuration, quantity of water, salt concentration and artificial cooling of the cover. Some of the important results are: still with glass cover destill more water than still with plastic cover, thermal efficiency vary between 10-30%, amount of water which can be evaporated and condense is 2-4 l/day/m2, exist 25-60% of loss of water in the still and finally artificial cooling of the cover can be accelerate the process of condensation, etc. Finally we have mentioned the chemical analysis of destilled and normal tap water.
We have constructed three solar stills of areas 0.5-1.0 m2 to produce salt and potable water, using local technology and local materials. We have studied the thermal efficiency of these stills as a function of solar intensity, covers, geometrical configuration, quantity of water, salt concentration and artificial cooling of the cover. Some of the important results are: still with glass cover destill more water than still with plastic cover, thermal efficiency vary between 10-30%, amount of water which can be evaporated and condense is 2-4 l/day/m2, exist 25-60% of loss of water in the still and finally artificial cooling of the cover can be accelerate the process of condensation, etc. Finally we have mentioned the chemical analysis of destilled and normal tap water.
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Palabras clave
DESTILACIÓN, RECURSOS HÍDRICOS, PURIFICACION DEL AGUA, ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA, AGUA POTABLE, ENERGÍA SOLAR, SAL, DRINKING WATER, SALT