Etnomatemática y diversidad en el pensamiento numérico: el caso de los indígenas bribris de Costa Rica
Fecha
2014-11-07
Autores
Vásquez Hernández, Ana Patricia
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Editor
Centro de Investigaciones sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales (CIDICER), de la Sede de Occidente de la Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
El artículo discute el concepto de etnomatemáticas, que reconoce la legitimidad del conocimiento y las prácticas matemáticas locales desde una perspectiva sociocultural. Se utiliza el caso de los indígenas Bribri de Costa Rica para ilustrar la diversidad en el pensamiento numérico, con su sistema único de clasificación y enumeración de objetos basado en su forma. El artículo argumenta que el sistema educativo ha subvalorado y marginado el conocimiento matemático local en favor del conocimiento extranjero, y que las etnomatemáticas pueden ser una forma de validar los derechos humanos de grupos específicos. El artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio etnográfico cualitativo del pensamiento numérico de los Bribri, identificando ocho sistemas diferentes de numeración basados en diferentes clases de objetos. Los Bribri de Costa Rica tienen una forma única de contar y numerar objetos que se basa en sus creencias espirituales y prácticas culturales. Su sistema se basa en el número diez y utiliza combinaciones de números para contar más allá de eso. La forma en que cuentan ciertos objetos, como el tapir y las aves, varía según el contexto. Este enfoque de las matemáticas difiere mucho del pensamiento occidental tradicional y destaca la importancia de valorar las tradiciones orales como una forma legítima de preservación del conocimiento. El artículo sugiere que un enfoque más inclusivo y respetuoso de la educación matemática podría beneficiar a los estudiantes y su comprensión de las diversas prácticas culturales.
The article discusses the concept of ethnomathematics, which recognizes the legitimacy of local mathematical knowledge and practices from a sociocultural perspective. The case of the indigenous Bribri people of Costa Rica is used to illustrate the diversity in numerical thinking, with their unique system of classification and enumeration of objects based on their shape. The article argues that the education system has undervalued and marginalized local mathematical knowledge in favor of foreign knowledge, and that ethnomathematics can be a way to validate the human rights of specific groups. The article presents the results of a qualitative, ethnographic study of the Bribri people's numerical thinking, identifying eight different numbering systems based on different classes of objects. The Bribri of Costa Rica have a unique way of counting and numbering objects that is based on their spiritual beliefs and cultural practices. Their system is based on the number ten and uses combinations of numbers to count beyond that. The way they count certain objects, such as the tapir and birds, varies depending on the context. This approach to mathematics differs greatly from traditional Western thinking and highlights the importance of valuing oral traditions as a legitimate form of knowledge preservation. The article suggests that a more inclusive and respectful approach to mathematics education could benefit students and their understanding of diverse cultural practices.
The article discusses the concept of ethnomathematics, which recognizes the legitimacy of local mathematical knowledge and practices from a sociocultural perspective. The case of the indigenous Bribri people of Costa Rica is used to illustrate the diversity in numerical thinking, with their unique system of classification and enumeration of objects based on their shape. The article argues that the education system has undervalued and marginalized local mathematical knowledge in favor of foreign knowledge, and that ethnomathematics can be a way to validate the human rights of specific groups. The article presents the results of a qualitative, ethnographic study of the Bribri people's numerical thinking, identifying eight different numbering systems based on different classes of objects. The Bribri of Costa Rica have a unique way of counting and numbering objects that is based on their spiritual beliefs and cultural practices. Their system is based on the number ten and uses combinations of numbers to count beyond that. The way they count certain objects, such as the tapir and birds, varies depending on the context. This approach to mathematics differs greatly from traditional Western thinking and highlights the importance of valuing oral traditions as a legitimate form of knowledge preservation. The article suggests that a more inclusive and respectful approach to mathematics education could benefit students and their understanding of diverse cultural practices.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ETNOMATEMÁTICA, CULTURAS INDÍGENAS, BRIBRÍS, SIMBOLISMO DE LOS NÚMEROS, NÚMEROS