Desplazados ambientales: nuevos procesos de exclusión y desigualdad en Costa Rica
Fecha
2020
Autores
Centeno Morales, Jacqueline
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Editor
Universidad de San Marcos, Guatemala
Resumen
En esta investigación se buscó clarificar el impacto
de los procesos socioambientales producidos por el
cambio climático (entendido como el resultado de la
interacción del ser humano con el medioambiente
y su modificación producto de formas, modelos y
modos de desarrollo productivo y económico de
carácter invasivo, extractivo y explotador en los
recursos) en las poblaciones costarricenses, de
manera que comprometen su estabilidad en los
territorios, forzándolas a desplazarse de manera
temporal o permanente. Dicha relación se pretende
visualizar a partir del estudio de eventos naturales
desarrollados en Costa Rica en un periodo de 35 años
(1980-2015) y su relación con factores económicos,
sociales, naturales y culturales. El estudio de estos
eventos conlleva a una temática poco estudiada en
Costa Rica como lo es el desplazamiento ambiental
entendido como “persona o grupos de personas que
han sido forzados u obligados a huir de sus hogares
o lugares de causa de un conflicto armado, de
situaciones de violencia generalizada, de violaciones
de los derechos humanos o desastres naturales o
causados por el hombre, y que aún no han cruzado
una frontera reconocida internacionalmente entre
Estados o que lo hacen a fin de evitar los efectos
de todo ello.” (ONU, 1998). Tomando en cuenta la
conceptualización y el aumento de eventos naturales
en el país, es pertinente el acercamiento a las
percepciones, y experiencias de personas que hayan
vivido los impactos de eventos naturales, por lo que
este artículo presenta algunos casos del territorio
costarricense como primeros acercamientos a la
temática.
This research sought to clarify the impact of the socio-environmental processes produced by climate change (understood as the result of the interaction of the human being with the environment and its modification as a result of forms, models and modes of productive and economic development of an invasive nature, extractive and exploitative of resources) in the Costa Rican populations, in a way that compromises their stability in the territories, forcing them to move temporarily or permanently. This relationship is intended to be visualized from the study of natural events developed in Costa Rica in a period of 35 years (1980-2015) and its relationship with economic, social, natural and cultural factors. The study of these events leads to a subject little studied in Costa Rica, such as environmental displacement understood as “a person or group of people who have been forced or obliged to flee their homes or places because of an armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or man-made disasters, and who have not yet crossed an internationally recognized border between States or who do so in order to avoid the effects thereof.” (UN, 1998). Taking into account the conceptualization and increase of natural events in the country, it is pertinent to approach the perceptions and experiences of people who have experienced the impacts of natural events, so this article presents some cases of the Costa Rican territory as first approaches. to the theme.
This research sought to clarify the impact of the socio-environmental processes produced by climate change (understood as the result of the interaction of the human being with the environment and its modification as a result of forms, models and modes of productive and economic development of an invasive nature, extractive and exploitative of resources) in the Costa Rican populations, in a way that compromises their stability in the territories, forcing them to move temporarily or permanently. This relationship is intended to be visualized from the study of natural events developed in Costa Rica in a period of 35 years (1980-2015) and its relationship with economic, social, natural and cultural factors. The study of these events leads to a subject little studied in Costa Rica, such as environmental displacement understood as “a person or group of people who have been forced or obliged to flee their homes or places because of an armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or man-made disasters, and who have not yet crossed an internationally recognized border between States or who do so in order to avoid the effects thereof.” (UN, 1998). Taking into account the conceptualization and increase of natural events in the country, it is pertinent to approach the perceptions and experiences of people who have experienced the impacts of natural events, so this article presents some cases of the Costa Rican territory as first approaches. to the theme.
Descripción
https://revistacusam.com/index.php/revista/article/view/51
Palabras clave
VULNERABILIDAD, RIESGO, DESASTRES, CLIMA, MEDIO AMBIENTE, REFUGIADOS, PARTICIPACIÓN COMUNITARIA, VULNERABILITY, RISK, DISASTERS, CLIMATE, ENVIRONMENT, REFUGEES, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION