Gestión del aprendizaje y la innovación agropecuaria en Costa Rica. El caso de la producción de melón
Fecha
2018-07-18
Autores
Barboza Arias, Luis Miguel
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El documento aborda la dimensión institucional en torno a la cual se establecen estructuras de apoyo para la gestión del aprendizaje y la innovación en el sector agropecuario. Se analiza la experiencia de la producción de melón en Costa Rica como estudio de caso. Mediante la utilización del Enfoque de los Sistemas de Innovación Agropecuaria (SNIA), se identifican los actores involucrados y sus roles. Se caracteriza el tipo de vinculación que se establece entre el SNIA y el sector melonero a partir del análisis de los objetivos y funciones. En el nivel metodológico, se aplicó una encuesta a un grupo de 16 organizaciones productoras de melón y entrevistas semiestructuradas a funcionarios de los sectores agropecuario y rural. Se consultaron fuentes secundarias de información estadística, cuya sistematización posterior se realizó a través de
la técnica de análisis documental. El estudio concluye que la escasa disposición de mecanismos institucionales para incluir los aspectos socioculturales en los programas operativos, que buscan la creación de competencias en los trabajadores agrícolas, afecta no solo la competitividad sectorial sino también el desarrollo local, debido a que no promueve (desde el punto de vista participativo), la construcción de conocimientos relevantes para las dinámicas del entorno productivo local. Desde la
perspectiva sistémica, la instrumentalización técnica, sumada a una problemática de desarticulación institucional, afecta la calidad y el alcance de los vínculos. Existen además deficiencias conceptuales en el uso de definiciones asociadas a la innovación, que dificultan un adecuado abordaje de esta como
instrumento de fomento organizacional en las fincas
This document analyzes the institutional dimensions of different support structures for learning and innovation management in the agricultural sector. Melon production in Costa Rica is analyzed using a case study methodology. Actors and their Approach (AIS). The type of linkage established between the AIS and the melon sector are described, based on an analysis of the objectives and strategic interactions between them. As part of the methodology a survey was applied to a group of 16 productive organizations, and in-depth interviews with representatives of public entities and the education sector were carried out. Secondary sources of statistical information were also consulted, which were then systematized using the technique of documentary analysis. The study concludes that the lack of institutional mechanisms to include the sociocultural dimension in operational programs to create skills in farm workers affects not only sectoral competitiveness but also local development, since it does not contribute to the co-creation of relevant knowledge about the dynamics of the local productive environment. From the systemic perspective, poor technical instrumentalization, together with a problem of institutional disarticulation, affects the quality and scope of linkages. There are also deficiencies in the use of concepts associated with innovation as an instrument for strengthening the organizational development of farms
This document analyzes the institutional dimensions of different support structures for learning and innovation management in the agricultural sector. Melon production in Costa Rica is analyzed using a case study methodology. Actors and their Approach (AIS). The type of linkage established between the AIS and the melon sector are described, based on an analysis of the objectives and strategic interactions between them. As part of the methodology a survey was applied to a group of 16 productive organizations, and in-depth interviews with representatives of public entities and the education sector were carried out. Secondary sources of statistical information were also consulted, which were then systematized using the technique of documentary analysis. The study concludes that the lack of institutional mechanisms to include the sociocultural dimension in operational programs to create skills in farm workers affects not only sectoral competitiveness but also local development, since it does not contribute to the co-creation of relevant knowledge about the dynamics of the local productive environment. From the systemic perspective, poor technical instrumentalization, together with a problem of institutional disarticulation, affects the quality and scope of linkages. There are also deficiencies in the use of concepts associated with innovation as an instrument for strengthening the organizational development of farms
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Palabras clave
AGRICULTOR, DESARROLLO DE CAPACIDAD, DESARROLLO PARCIPATIVO, ECONOMÍA AGRARIA, MEDIO RURAL, FARMER, SKILL DEVELOPMENT, CO-CREATION, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY, RURAL ENVIRONMENT