Prevención de la violencia de género en un grupo de adolescentes de la comunidad de Guararí de Heredia
Fecha
2021-07
Autores
Jiménez Rojas, Kimberly Mariam
Chaves Araya, Erika
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente proyecto de graduación, tuvo como objetivo primordial intervenir en torno a la temática de la violencia de género, en un grupo de personas adolescentes entre los trece y quince años de edad que viven en la comunidad de Guararí de Heredia. La ejecución del proceso se llevó a cabo en el año 2020, y se trabajaron diez sesiones, en un inicio se pretendía utilizar la metodología investigación acción ya que se partió de un proceso anterior con población del lugar, sin embargo, por la contingencia mundial por Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) y el difícil acceso a las personas participantes del espacio previo, se modificó por un enfoque cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico, con técnicas como taller y actividades lúdico-participativas, además, las sesiones fueron implementadas en la modalidad virtual.
La psicología comunitaria fue una parte vital dentro del proceso, ya que su fin primordial fue el de otorgar a la comunidad el reconocimiento necesario que tienen como personas expertas en el conocimiento de sus propias realidades y cotidianidades. Por lo que no se trata de imponer e ir con la idea de que se brindarán herramientas para solventar diversos aspectos de interés, por el contrario, se enfatiza en la creación conjunta para la construcción de un saber común.
Parte de los principales resultados se centraron en temáticas de gran importancia en lo correspondiente a la violencia de género. Entre ellas la interseccionalidad, la construcción de identidades de género hegemónicas, el sistema patriarcal, las relaciones de pareja, además del análisis de la dinámica grupal y el efecto de la virtualidad en ello. Estas se irán desarrollando tanto teóricamente como desde lo vivenciado en la práctica.
El proceso se encontró dividido en tres fases, orientadas cada una de ellas a cumplir con un objetivo específico del proyecto; a raíz de la ejecución de las etapas, quedaron productos de vital importancia donde se detallan diversos aspectos de la experiencia y los espacios vivenciales dentro de ellos.
The main objective of this graduation project was to intervene around the theme of gender violence, in a group of adolescents between thirteen and fifteen years of age who live in the community of Guararí de Heredia. The execution of the process was carried out in 2020, and ten sessions were worked, initially it was intended to use the action research methodology since it was started from a previous process with local population, however, due to the global contingency due to Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and the difficult access to the participants of the previous space, was modified by a qualitative approach of a phenomenological type, with techniques such as workshop and recreational-participatory activities, in addition, the sessions were implemented in virtual mode. Community psychology was a vital part of the process, since its primary purpose was to give the community the necessary recognition that they have as experts in the knowledge of their own realities and daily life. Therefore, it is not about imposing and going with the idea that tools will be provided to solve various aspects of interest, on the contrary, it is emphasized in joint creation for the construction of a common knowledge. Part of the main results focused on issues of great importance in relation to gender violence. Among them intersectionality, the construction of hegemonic gender identities, the patriarchal system, couple relationships, in addition to the analysis of group dynamics and the effect of virtuality on it. These will be developed both theoretically and from what has been experienced in practice. The process was divided into three phases, each one oriented to fulfill a specific objective of the project; As a result of the execution of the stages, products of vital importance remained where various aspects of the experience and the living spaces within them are detailed.
The main objective of this graduation project was to intervene around the theme of gender violence, in a group of adolescents between thirteen and fifteen years of age who live in the community of Guararí de Heredia. The execution of the process was carried out in 2020, and ten sessions were worked, initially it was intended to use the action research methodology since it was started from a previous process with local population, however, due to the global contingency due to Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and the difficult access to the participants of the previous space, was modified by a qualitative approach of a phenomenological type, with techniques such as workshop and recreational-participatory activities, in addition, the sessions were implemented in virtual mode. Community psychology was a vital part of the process, since its primary purpose was to give the community the necessary recognition that they have as experts in the knowledge of their own realities and daily life. Therefore, it is not about imposing and going with the idea that tools will be provided to solve various aspects of interest, on the contrary, it is emphasized in joint creation for the construction of a common knowledge. Part of the main results focused on issues of great importance in relation to gender violence. Among them intersectionality, the construction of hegemonic gender identities, the patriarchal system, couple relationships, in addition to the analysis of group dynamics and the effect of virtuality on it. These will be developed both theoretically and from what has been experienced in practice. The process was divided into three phases, each one oriented to fulfill a specific objective of the project; As a result of the execution of the stages, products of vital importance remained where various aspects of the experience and the living spaces within them are detailed.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ADOLESCENCIA, VIOLENCIA, GÉNERO, PSICOLOGIA COMUNITARIA, COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, ADOLESCENCE, VIOLENCE, GENDER