Determinación de los valores referenciales del tiempo de protrombina, tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activada y fibrinógeno en caninos (Canis familiaris) del Valle Central de Costa Rica
Fecha
2013-02-12
Autores
Quesada Díaz, Fabiola
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Actualmente en Costa Rica, así como a nivel mundial, la tenencia de perros ha
crecido, y por consiguiente la preocupación por la salud de los mismos. El presente estudio
aporta información tanto en el área médica de los pacientes caninos, como a nivel
laboratorial, brindándonos datos referenciales de variables hemostáticas, como tiempo de
tromboplastina parcial activada, tiempo de protrombina y del fibrinógeno. El muestreo
constó de un primer grupo de 100 caninos, de los cuales eran 48 machos y 52 hembras, con
edades entre 1 a 10 años, todos clínicamente sanos, procedentes de las provincias de
Heredia, San José y Alajuela. Y un segundo grupo de 35 caninos con trombocitopenia, de
los cuales 22 eran machos y 13 hembras, con edades entre 2 a 13 años. A todos los
animales se les extrajo una muestra de sangre de la vena cefálica en un tubo de citrato de
sodio para realizar las pruebas de coagulación y fibrinógeno. Los parámetros se
determinaron por medio de métodos semi automáticos, con la utilización de los reactivos
HemoStat de la casa comercial Human. Los valores obtenidos mediante estas pruebas,
demostraron que la población analizada presentó una distribución normal, y un
comportamiento tan estable que permitió alcanzar como mínimo un intervalo de confianza
del 95 % y un error aceptable del 5%. Lo cual permitió establecer rangos de referencia
confiables. Los tiempos de coagulación definidos permitirán diagnosticar enfermedades
donde se pueda ver afectada la hemostasia, además de que deben ser un referente
obligatorio a nivel médico para la preparación prequirúrgica de cirugías mayores u otros
procedimientos quirúrgicos menores. Además provee a los médicos veterinarios,
estudiantes y otros profesionales datos más certeros, que reflejan la condición fisiológica
normal de los animales en condiciones propias de manejo y ambiente
Currently in Costa Rica and around the world, there has been a growing tendency to adopt dogs as house pets, consequently there has been an increase in the concern for their health. This written report provides information in the medical area of the canine patients and also in the laboratory area, such as reference data concerning the haemostatic variables like activated parcial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time as well as fibrinogen. The sample colletion was carried out in two groups of canines, the first group consisting of 100 canines and the second group consisting of 35 canines. In the first group, the age group ranged between 1 to 10 years old, with 48 males and 52 females, these canines were clinically healthy and proceeded from the provinces of Heredia, San José and Alajuela. In the second group (n = 35) the age ranged between the 2 and 13 years old with 22 thrombocytopenic males and 13 thrombocytopenic females. A blood sample was taken from each animal, regardless of the group, from the cephalic vein into a sodium citrate tube in order to do the coagulation and fibrinogen tests. The parameters were determined with semi-automatic methods using the Hemo-Stat reagents from Human commercial company. The results obtained from these tests showed that the tested and analyzed canine groups presented a normal distribution and such a stable behavior that it allowed to reach a minimum confidence interval of 95%, with an acceptable mistake of 5%. The reference ranges obtained can be considered reliable. The coagulation times not only help us to diagnose haemostatic diseases, and should be taken into account when performing the presurgical preparations for mayor surgery or other small scale surgical procedures. It also provides for veterinarians, students or other professionals more accurate data that reflects the normal physiological condition of the animals in their own handling and environmental conditions.
Currently in Costa Rica and around the world, there has been a growing tendency to adopt dogs as house pets, consequently there has been an increase in the concern for their health. This written report provides information in the medical area of the canine patients and also in the laboratory area, such as reference data concerning the haemostatic variables like activated parcial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time as well as fibrinogen. The sample colletion was carried out in two groups of canines, the first group consisting of 100 canines and the second group consisting of 35 canines. In the first group, the age group ranged between 1 to 10 years old, with 48 males and 52 females, these canines were clinically healthy and proceeded from the provinces of Heredia, San José and Alajuela. In the second group (n = 35) the age ranged between the 2 and 13 years old with 22 thrombocytopenic males and 13 thrombocytopenic females. A blood sample was taken from each animal, regardless of the group, from the cephalic vein into a sodium citrate tube in order to do the coagulation and fibrinogen tests. The parameters were determined with semi-automatic methods using the Hemo-Stat reagents from Human commercial company. The results obtained from these tests showed that the tested and analyzed canine groups presented a normal distribution and such a stable behavior that it allowed to reach a minimum confidence interval of 95%, with an acceptable mistake of 5%. The reference ranges obtained can be considered reliable. The coagulation times not only help us to diagnose haemostatic diseases, and should be taken into account when performing the presurgical preparations for mayor surgery or other small scale surgical procedures. It also provides for veterinarians, students or other professionals more accurate data that reflects the normal physiological condition of the animals in their own handling and environmental conditions.
Descripción
Modalidad: Proyecto de Graduación
Palabras clave
MEDICINA VETERINARIA, ANIMALES DOMESTICOS, PERRO, HEMATOLOGIA, SANGRE, DIAGNOSTICO DE LABORATORIO, COSTA RICA