Estudio hidrológico para el aprovechamiento del recurso hídrico en el sector agrícola del Proyecto PAACUME en los cantones de Nicoya, Santa Cruz y Carrillo, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Fecha
2024-02
Autores
Escobar Castellón, Paula Nicole
Viales Ríos, Denier
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Resumen
El presente proyecto aborda la problemática de disponibilidad hídrica en Guanacaste, Costa
Rica, al ser la provincia con mayor afectación del recurso por sus extenuantes periodos de sequía. Por
lo tanto, se brindan medidas de aprovechamiento óptimo del recurso en especial para la producción
agrícola de los cantones de Nicoya, Carrillo y Santa Cruz, los cuales se encuentran abastecidos por el
PAACUME. De acuerdo con las necesidades presentes en la provincia, se realiza un balance hídrico de
los cultivos característicos de los cantones en estudio, donde se determinó que los cultivos más
representativos son los siguientes: sandía, melón, maíz, arroz y caña de azúcar. Este último desempeña
una función importante en la economía de la provincia al contar con un mayor mercado de su producto,
así como sus subproductos. Es importante mencionar que, a su vez, la caña de azúcar es el cultivo con
mayor demanda hídrica, por lo tanto, se recomienda la aplicación de sistemas de riego por goteo según
la eficiencia obtenida como resultado de los balances hídricos por cultivo y sistemas de riego.
This project aims to address the problem of water availability in Guanacaste, Costa Rica, as it is the province with the greatest affection of the resource due to its exhausting periods of droughts. Therefore, it seeks to provide measures for optimal use of the resource, especially for agricultural production in the cantons of Nicoya, Carrillo and Santa Cruz, which are supplied by the PAACUME project. In accordance with the present needs of the province, a water balance of the characteristic crops of the study cantons is carried out, where it was determined that the most representative crops are the following: watermelon, melon, corn, rice and sugar cane. The latter plays an important role in the province's economy by having a larger market for its product as well as its byproducts. It is important to mention that sugar cane is the crop with the highest drip water demand, so the application of irrigation systems is recommended according to the efficiency obtained as a result of the water balances per crop and irrigation systems. irrigation.
This project aims to address the problem of water availability in Guanacaste, Costa Rica, as it is the province with the greatest affection of the resource due to its exhausting periods of droughts. Therefore, it seeks to provide measures for optimal use of the resource, especially for agricultural production in the cantons of Nicoya, Carrillo and Santa Cruz, which are supplied by the PAACUME project. In accordance with the present needs of the province, a water balance of the characteristic crops of the study cantons is carried out, where it was determined that the most representative crops are the following: watermelon, melon, corn, rice and sugar cane. The latter plays an important role in the province's economy by having a larger market for its product as well as its byproducts. It is important to mention that sugar cane is the crop with the highest drip water demand, so the application of irrigation systems is recommended according to the efficiency obtained as a result of the water balances per crop and irrigation systems. irrigation.
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HIDROLOGIA, BALANCE HIDRICO, AGRICULTURA, CULTIVO, NICOYA (GUANACASTE), SANTA CRUZ (GUANACASTE), CARRILLO (GUANACASTE), COSTA RICA, HYDROLOGY, WATER BALANCE, AGRICULTURE, CULTIVATION