Proyecto de Estimulación Cognitiva en Adultos Mayores (Proyecto ECAM) dentro del Programa de Atención Integral de la Persona Adulta Mayor de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (PAIPAM) durante 2017-2018
Fecha
2018
Autores
Freer Bolaños, Juan Carlos
Ruíz Hidalgo, Allan Enrique
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El “Proyecto de estimulación cognitiva en adultos mayores (Proyecto ECAM) dentro del Programa de Atención Integral a la Persona Adulta Mayor (PAIPAM) de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica durante 2017-2018” surge ante la necesidad de desarrollar espacios desde la Escuela de Psicología para estimulación cognitiva en población adulta mayor de parte del PAIPAM-UNA. y pudo ser solventada mediante la planificación y ejecución de un curso de estimulación cognitiva bajo el objetivo general de brindar un curso de estimulación cognitiva para el Programa de la Persona Adulta Mayor de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. El enfoque metodológico utilizado fue la Investigación Acción aplicada a proyectos, descrita como un medio de construcción colectiva del conocimiento y una forma de catapultar el desarrollo de grupos. Las etapas del trabajo final de graduación consistieron en: a) construir un perfil de funcionamiento cognitivo utilizando una batería de pruebas neuropsicológicas parte del Proyecto Longitudinal Estudio del Envejecimiento Exitoso de la Escuela de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional (# 0126-15), b) diseñar y pilotear una estrategia metodológica de estimulación cognitiva, c) ejecutar el curso, y, por último, d) presentar un foro de divulgación de resultados y experiencias. Entre los resultados del proyecto destacan: a) La construcción de un perfil de funcionamiento cognitivo de la población adulta mayor que participa del PAIPAM, que determinó que no existe ningún aparente deterioro cognitivo entre los participantes. b) Los estudiantes del PAIPAM-UNA se autodescribieron como personas saludables, activas y con ganas de aprender, y que temen perder facultades relacionadas con su memoria. c) Se construyó una base de datos de 121 ejercicios de estimulación cognitiva para adultos mayores adaptados al léxico costarricense. d) Se planteó el diseño curricular y ejecutó el curso “Ruta Cognitiva: un camino al envejecimiento activo”.Los productos resultantes son: A) Una base de datos de ejercicios de estimulación cognitiva adaptados al léxico costarricense. B) Un Programa del Curso de Estimulación Cognitiva para Adultos Mayores para el PAIPAM-UNA. C) Un manual pedagógico en donde se explica el cómo realizar las sesiones para su réplica. D) La creación de un juego de estimulación en praxias del lenguaje denominado “Abecedario en símbolos”.
The "Cognitive Stimulation Project for Older Adults (ECAM Project) within the Comprehensive Care Program for Older Adults (PAIPAM) of the National University of Costa Rica during 2017-2018" arose from the need to develop spaces within the School of Psychology for cognitive stimulation in the older adult population as part of PAIPAM-UNA. This was achieved through the planning and execution of a cognitive stimulation course with the overall objective of providing a cognitive stimulation course for the Older Adults Program at the National University of Costa Rica. The methodological approach used was Action Research applied to projects, described as a means of collective knowledge construction and a way to catapult group development. The stages of the final graduation project consisted of: a) constructing a cognitive functioning profile using a battery of neuropsychological tests as part of the Longitudinal Study of Successful Aging Project of the School of Psychology of the National University (# 0126-15); b) designing and piloting a methodological strategy for cognitive stimulation; c) implementing the course; and finally, d) presenting a forum to disseminate results and experiences. The project's outcomes include: a) The construction of a cognitive functioning profile of the older adult population participating in PAIPAM, which determined that there was no apparent cognitive decline among the participants. b) PAIPAM-UNA students described themselves as healthy, active, and eager to learn, and that they fear losing memory-related abilities. c) A database of 121 cognitive stimulation exercises for older adults adapted to the Costa Rican vocabulary was created. d) The curriculum was designed and the course "Cognitive Route: A Path to Active Aging" was implemented. The resulting products are: A) A database of cognitive stimulation exercises adapted to the Costa Rican vocabulary. B) A Cognitive Stimulation Course Program for Older Adults for PAIPAM-UNA. C) A teaching manual explaining how to conduct the sessions for replication. D) The creation of a language praxis stimulation game called "Alphabet in Symbols."
The "Cognitive Stimulation Project for Older Adults (ECAM Project) within the Comprehensive Care Program for Older Adults (PAIPAM) of the National University of Costa Rica during 2017-2018" arose from the need to develop spaces within the School of Psychology for cognitive stimulation in the older adult population as part of PAIPAM-UNA. This was achieved through the planning and execution of a cognitive stimulation course with the overall objective of providing a cognitive stimulation course for the Older Adults Program at the National University of Costa Rica. The methodological approach used was Action Research applied to projects, described as a means of collective knowledge construction and a way to catapult group development. The stages of the final graduation project consisted of: a) constructing a cognitive functioning profile using a battery of neuropsychological tests as part of the Longitudinal Study of Successful Aging Project of the School of Psychology of the National University (# 0126-15); b) designing and piloting a methodological strategy for cognitive stimulation; c) implementing the course; and finally, d) presenting a forum to disseminate results and experiences. The project's outcomes include: a) The construction of a cognitive functioning profile of the older adult population participating in PAIPAM, which determined that there was no apparent cognitive decline among the participants. b) PAIPAM-UNA students described themselves as healthy, active, and eager to learn, and that they fear losing memory-related abilities. c) A database of 121 cognitive stimulation exercises for older adults adapted to the Costa Rican vocabulary was created. d) The curriculum was designed and the course "Cognitive Route: A Path to Active Aging" was implemented. The resulting products are: A) A database of cognitive stimulation exercises adapted to the Costa Rican vocabulary. B) A Cognitive Stimulation Course Program for Older Adults for PAIPAM-UNA. C) A teaching manual explaining how to conduct the sessions for replication. D) The creation of a language praxis stimulation game called "Alphabet in Symbols."
Descripción
Palabras clave
ASISTENCIA A LOS ANCIANOS, PSICOLOGÍA COGNOSCITIVA, PSICOLOGÍA DE LOS ADULTOS, PSICOLOGÍA MÉDICA, ASSISTANCE FOR THE ELDERLY, COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY, ADULT PSYCHOLOGY, MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY
