Estado del uso del suelo y propuesta de manejo sostenible de los recursos forestales en la subcuenca de los ríos Guineal y Singri en Buenos Aires, Puntarenas
Fecha
2018-05
Autores
Mena Gamboa, Francisco Antonio
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Costa Rica es un país con gran variedad de cuencas hidrográficas, las cuales se definen como la
unidad territorial natural que capta la precipitación y en ella se desarrollan las principales
actividades productivas, por lo tanto, se hace necesario disponer de un manejo adecuado de los
recursos naturales que conforman la cuenca hidrográfica, para así tener los mejores beneficios y
conservar la estructura de la cuenca. El ICE es una entidad pública que tiene a cargo la
producción de energía eléctrica en forma sostenible con el ambiente, esta empresa ha venido
trabajando en el Proyecto Hidroeléctrico El Diquís (PHED) en la zona sur del país, encontrando
como problemática en las cuencas de los Ríos General y Térraba la tala excesiva de árboles,
contaminación por el uso de agroquímicos, remoción del suelo y quemas, provocando erosión y
sedimentación excesiva en los cauces de los ríos. El ICE-PHED, ha realizado diferentes estudios
en las subcuencas que forman la cuenca principal de los Ríos General y Térraba, colocando
mayor atención a la subcuenca de los Ríos Guineal y Singri (SRGS) estos son los principales
afluentes del Río Coto Brus, siendo este el principal río tributario para mantener el caudal
ambiental del Río Térraba al desarrollarse la represa hidroeléctrica. El objetivo de este estudio es
formular una propuesta de manejo sostenible con los recursos forestales disponibles en las
subcuencas de los Ríos Guineal y Singri para preservar el caudal ambiental aguas abajo en el
ICE-PHED, se analizó los cambios de la cobertura forestal, los diferentes tipos de modalidades
de uso, según la relación de uso actual y capacidad de uso, se priorizaron las zonas donde se
necesita intervenir con mayor urgencia para evitar la erosión y sedimentación de la SRGS. Con
la ayuda de las herramientas de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) se logró realizar los
diferentes estudios biofísicos de SRGS, además se desarrolló una metodología para obtener las
áreas prioritarias para la recuperación ambiental y se refuerza con una encuesta aplicada a los
propietarios de las fincas de la SRGS.
Costa Rica is a country with a great variety of hydrographic basins, which are defined as the natural territorial unit that captures precipitation. natural territorial unit that captures precipitation and where the main productive activities take place. productive activities, therefore, it is necessary to have a proper management of the natural resources that make up the watershed, in order to natural resources that make up the watershed, in order to obtain the best benefits and conserve the structure of the basin. the structure of the watershed. ICE is a public entity in charge of the sustainable production of production of electric energy in an environmentally sustainable manner. has been working on the El Diquís Hydroelectric Project (PHED) in the southern part of the country. problems in the watersheds of the General and Térraba Rivers include excessive logging, contamination from the use of agrochemicals, soil removal and burning, causing erosion and excessive sedimentation in the riverbeds. erosion and excessive sedimentation in the riverbeds. ICE-PHED has carried out different studies in the sub-basins that form the the sub-basins that form the main basin of the General and Terraba Rivers, paying more attention to the sub-basin of the General and Terraba Rivers. the sub-basin of the Guineal and Singri Rivers (SRGS), which are the main tributaries of the Coto Brus River. tributaries of the Coto Brus River, which is the main tributary river to maintain the environmental flow of the Térraba River to the environmental flow of the Térraba River during the development of the hydroelectric dam. The objective of this study is to formulate a sustainable management proposal with the forest resources available in the sub-basins of the Coto Brus the sub-basins of the Guineal and Singri Rivers to preserve the environmental flow downstream in the ICE-PHED. In the ICE-PHED, changes in forest cover were analyzed, as well as the different types of use modalities of use, according to the relationship between current use and use capacity, and prioritized the areas where intervention is most urgently needed to preserve the environmental flow downstream of the ICE-PHED. The areas where intervention is most urgently needed to prevent erosion and sedimentation of the SRGS were prioritized. With with the help of geographic information system (GIS) tools, the different biophysical studies of the SRGS were carried out. the different biophysical studies of the SRGS, and a methodology was developed to obtain the priority areas for environmental The methodology was developed to obtain the priority areas for environmental recovery and reinforced with a survey applied to the owners of the farms of the SRGS. owners of the SRGS farms.
Costa Rica is a country with a great variety of hydrographic basins, which are defined as the natural territorial unit that captures precipitation. natural territorial unit that captures precipitation and where the main productive activities take place. productive activities, therefore, it is necessary to have a proper management of the natural resources that make up the watershed, in order to natural resources that make up the watershed, in order to obtain the best benefits and conserve the structure of the basin. the structure of the watershed. ICE is a public entity in charge of the sustainable production of production of electric energy in an environmentally sustainable manner. has been working on the El Diquís Hydroelectric Project (PHED) in the southern part of the country. problems in the watersheds of the General and Térraba Rivers include excessive logging, contamination from the use of agrochemicals, soil removal and burning, causing erosion and excessive sedimentation in the riverbeds. erosion and excessive sedimentation in the riverbeds. ICE-PHED has carried out different studies in the sub-basins that form the the sub-basins that form the main basin of the General and Terraba Rivers, paying more attention to the sub-basin of the General and Terraba Rivers. the sub-basin of the Guineal and Singri Rivers (SRGS), which are the main tributaries of the Coto Brus River. tributaries of the Coto Brus River, which is the main tributary river to maintain the environmental flow of the Térraba River to the environmental flow of the Térraba River during the development of the hydroelectric dam. The objective of this study is to formulate a sustainable management proposal with the forest resources available in the sub-basins of the Coto Brus the sub-basins of the Guineal and Singri Rivers to preserve the environmental flow downstream in the ICE-PHED. In the ICE-PHED, changes in forest cover were analyzed, as well as the different types of use modalities of use, according to the relationship between current use and use capacity, and prioritized the areas where intervention is most urgently needed to preserve the environmental flow downstream of the ICE-PHED. The areas where intervention is most urgently needed to prevent erosion and sedimentation of the SRGS were prioritized. With with the help of geographic information system (GIS) tools, the different biophysical studies of the SRGS were carried out. the different biophysical studies of the SRGS, and a methodology was developed to obtain the priority areas for environmental The methodology was developed to obtain the priority areas for environmental recovery and reinforced with a survey applied to the owners of the farms of the SRGS. owners of the SRGS farms.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Ciencias Forestales con énfasis en Manejo ForestaL
Palabras clave
CUENCAS HIDROGRÁFICAS, RIVER BASINS, LAND USE, MANEJO FORESTAL, FORESTRY MANAGEMENT, BUENOS AIRES (PUNTARENAS)