Actores y estrategias en la Costa Rica del Siglo XXI: un análisis de los recursos hídricos en relación con el agua potable: tres estudios de caso
Fecha
2011
Autores
Brenes Arce, Laura Catalina
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La presente investigación trata el tema del agua potable, como un recurso imprescindible para la vida, pero escaso. Según las Naciones Unidas, el agua es un patrimonio común para la humanidad (1970) y sólo un 1 % de toda el agua del planeta es dulce y por tanto apta para el consumo humano; aunque este porcentaje varía considerablemente según el lugar, el clima o la época del año. “Esta agua se encuentra en ríos, lagos y mantos subterráneos”, esto en La Perspectiva del Medio Ambiente Mundial del 2000. Según La Perspectiva del Medio Ambiente Mundial (2000), “el agua es una necesidad fisiológica para los seres vivos”. Cuando es para consumo humano, debe cumplir con requisitos físicos, químicos, microbiológicos y organolépticos que para la investigación se utilizó el concepto de agua potable, ya que los recursos hídricos es un tema muy amplio que puede ser inter y transdisciplinario, por lo que se enfocó en el tema de agua potable; entendiendo esta como la que se puede tomar, puede ser consumida por personas y animales sin riesgo de contraer enfermedades. El término se aplica al agua que ha sido tratada para su consumo humano según unas normas de calidad promulgadas por las autoridades locales e internacionales. permitan que sea consumida por la población sin producir efectos nocivos sobre la salud. La ingesta de agua contaminada, ya sea por microorganismos patógenos (virus, bacterias, parásitos) o sustancias químicas tóxicas es la causa de múltiples enfermedades que, por su mecanismo de transmisión, representan una amenaza tanto para la salud pública como para la economía de Costa Rica. El 70% de la superficie de la Tierra está cubierta por los océanos de los cuales depende la vida del planeta, sin embargo, un 99% de su agua es inutilizable dado su nivel de contaminación. El agua para el ser humano ha tenido que ser analizada en diferentes momentos, ya que el agua puede ser apropiada dentro de un esquema de decisión, es decir, no se puede pensar en el agua como una estrategia del ahora, sino que se debe pensar en ella para su uso futuro, pues a mayor grado de comercialización de servicios, mayor importancia adquiere, tanto para su uso doméstico como para el uso comercial.
The present research deals with the issue of drinking water3 as an essential but scarce resource for life. According to the United Nations, water is a common heritage of mankind (1970) and only 1% of all water on the planet is fresh and therefore suitable for human consumption. planet is fresh and therefore fit for human consumption; although this percentage varies considerably depending on the place, climate or time of year. “This water is found in rivers, lakes and groundwater”, this in The Global Environment Outlook 2000. According to The Global Environment Outlook (2000), “water is a physiological necessity for living things. When it is for human consumption, it must comply with physical, chemical, microbiological and organoleptic requirements that 3 For the research, the concept of drinking water was used, since water resources is a very broad topic that can be inter- and transdisciplinary, so it was focused on the topic of drinking water; understanding this as water that can be used as a source of drinking water. drinking water, understood as water that can be drunk and consumed by people and animals without the risk of contracting diseases. The term applies to water that has been treated for human consumption according to quality standards promulgated by local and international authorities, allowing it to be consumed by the population without producing harmful effects on health. The ingestion of contaminated water, whether by pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, parasites) or toxic chemical substances, is the cause of many diseases which, because of their high levels of contamination, can lead to serious health problems.
The present research deals with the issue of drinking water3 as an essential but scarce resource for life. According to the United Nations, water is a common heritage of mankind (1970) and only 1% of all water on the planet is fresh and therefore suitable for human consumption. planet is fresh and therefore fit for human consumption; although this percentage varies considerably depending on the place, climate or time of year. “This water is found in rivers, lakes and groundwater”, this in The Global Environment Outlook 2000. According to The Global Environment Outlook (2000), “water is a physiological necessity for living things. When it is for human consumption, it must comply with physical, chemical, microbiological and organoleptic requirements that 3 For the research, the concept of drinking water was used, since water resources is a very broad topic that can be inter- and transdisciplinary, so it was focused on the topic of drinking water; understanding this as water that can be used as a source of drinking water. drinking water, understood as water that can be drunk and consumed by people and animals without the risk of contracting diseases. The term applies to water that has been treated for human consumption according to quality standards promulgated by local and international authorities, allowing it to be consumed by the population without producing harmful effects on health. The ingestion of contaminated water, whether by pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, parasites) or toxic chemical substances, is the cause of many diseases which, because of their high levels of contamination, can lead to serious health problems.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Sociología
Palabras clave
RECURSOS HÍDRICOS, AGUA POTABLE, ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA, CONSERVACIÓN DE AGUAS, ORGANIZACIÓN DE LA COMUNIDAD, WATER RESOURCES, DRINKING WATER, WATER SUPPLY, WATER CONSERVATION, COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION
