Percepción de las comunidades sobre el ambiente y la relación con los parques nacionales cercanos
Fecha
2012-02
Autores
López Alfaro, Nelly
Centeno Morales, Jacqueline
González Calvo, Hugo
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Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
Resumen
Los parques nacionales brindan al país beneficios no solamente
ecológicos, sino también económicos, sociales e institucionales, los
cuales se reflejan en actividades como: turismo, abastecimiento de
agua a diferentes comunidades, investigación científica, protección
del recurso hídrico para la generación de energía hidroeléctrica
y servicios ambientales, entre otros. Sin embargo, en las zonas
cercanas y alrededor de estos parques se empiezan a evidenciar
algunos problemas ambientales y sociales que amenazan el desarrollo
sostenible de estas áreas.
Por otra parte, son muchas las comunidades dentro del área de
conservación de la Cordillera Volcánica Central que se ubican
territorialmente en las zonas aledañas a los espacios de uso público
de los parques nacionales. Muchas de estas comunidades de tradición
agrícola y ganadera, se encuentran en situación de pobreza, con pocas
fuentes de empleo, y con poca vinculación a esos parques, lo cual los
pone a veces en una posición de vecinos distantes o a espaldas de los
parques.
Existe una preocupación y una necesidad de los funcionarios de la
Reserva de la Biosfera Cordillera Volcánica Central por propiciar
una mayor identificación de las comunidades con los parques, con la
conservación y el uso racional de los recursos, así como coadyuvar en
el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de sus pobladores propiciando
alternativas socio ambientales de manera sostenible.
Con este propósito se presenta este estudio que busca conocer el grado
de identificación que tienen los pobladores con los parques nacionales,
cual es su relación y que beneficios obtienen del parque. Conocer
también cual es su percepción sobre los problemas ambientales y
sociales que existen en estas comunidades, su nivel de organización y
participación como comunidad, así como el tipo de actividades que
pueden desarrollarse conjuntamente con el parque que beneficien
también as las comunidades.
National parks provide the country with benefits not only ecological, but also economic, social and institutional, which are reflected in activities such as: tourism, supply of water to different communities, scientific research, protection of water resources for the generation of hydroelectric power and environmental services, among others. However, in the areas near and around these parks are beginning to show some environmental and social problems that threaten the development sustainability of these areas. On the other hand, there are many communities within the area of conservation of the Central Volcanic Mountain Range that are located territorially in the areas surrounding spaces for public use of the national parks. Many of these traditional communities agricultural and livestock, are in a situation of poverty, with few sources of employment, and with little connection to these parks, which sometimes puts himself in a position of distant neighbors or behind the backs of the parks. There is a concern and a need for the officials of the Central Volcanic Cordillera Biosphere Reserve to promote a greater identification of the communities with the parks, with the conservation and rational use of resources, as well as to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of its inhabitants, promoting socio-environmental alternatives in a sustainable way. With this purpose, this study is presented, which seeks to know the degree of identification that the inhabitants have with the national parks, what is their relationship and what benefits do they obtain from the park. Know Also, what is your perception of environmental problems and that exist in these communities, their level of organization and participation as a community, as well as the type of activities that can be developed jointly with the park that benefit also as the communities.
National parks provide the country with benefits not only ecological, but also economic, social and institutional, which are reflected in activities such as: tourism, supply of water to different communities, scientific research, protection of water resources for the generation of hydroelectric power and environmental services, among others. However, in the areas near and around these parks are beginning to show some environmental and social problems that threaten the development sustainability of these areas. On the other hand, there are many communities within the area of conservation of the Central Volcanic Mountain Range that are located territorially in the areas surrounding spaces for public use of the national parks. Many of these traditional communities agricultural and livestock, are in a situation of poverty, with few sources of employment, and with little connection to these parks, which sometimes puts himself in a position of distant neighbors or behind the backs of the parks. There is a concern and a need for the officials of the Central Volcanic Cordillera Biosphere Reserve to promote a greater identification of the communities with the parks, with the conservation and rational use of resources, as well as to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of its inhabitants, promoting socio-environmental alternatives in a sustainable way. With this purpose, this study is presented, which seeks to know the degree of identification that the inhabitants have with the national parks, what is their relationship and what benefits do they obtain from the park. Know Also, what is your perception of environmental problems and that exist in these communities, their level of organization and participation as a community, as well as the type of activities that can be developed jointly with the park that benefit also as the communities.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ORGANIZACIÓN COMUNITARIA, COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION, CONSERVACIÓN AMBIENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION, COSTA RICA, PARQUES NACIONALES, NATIONAL PARKS, ASPECTOS SOCIALES, SOCIAL ASPECTS