Métodos de reclutamiento utilizados por las abejas sin aguijón Plebeia Frontalis y Trigona Corvina (Apidae: Meliponinae) para recolectar un recurso alimentario.
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Fecha
2001
Autores
Fonseca Sanchez, Alicia
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Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
En este estudio se determinaron los mecanismos de comunicación que utilizan las abejas sin aguijón Plebeia frontalis y Trigona corvina (Apidae: Meliponinae) para reclutar nuevos individuos hacia un recurso alimentario. Para comprobar si las abejas pecoreadas de las especies P. frontalis y T. corvina comunican a sus compañeras de nido la localización de un recurso alimentario artificial se realizaron varios experimentos relacionados con la distancia y la dirección. El entrenamiento de abejas hacia un recurso alimentario, ubicado a 50m del nido y la colocación de un alimentador control a 5m y otro a 40m de la colonia sirvieron para demostrar que P. frontalis no comunica la distancia del recurso alimentario, mientras que, T. corvina si lo hace. La colocación de un alimentador experimental a 50m de la colonia y dos alimentadores control con una diferencia angular de 90° y 180°, sirvieron para comprobar que P. frontalis y T. corvina comunican la dirección de un recurso alimentario. Para determinar los mecanismos de reclutamiento que utilizan ambas especies se realizaron experimentos de marcas de olor, experimentos con diferentes aroma y se determino el tiempo de arribo de las abejas nuevas y las abejas experimentadas, se concluyó que los mecanismos de reclutamiento que utiliza P. frontalis son el olor del alimento y los vuelos guiados; mientras que T. corvina utiliza como mecanismo de reclutamiento los vuelos guiados y las marcas de olor. Además se determinó la intensidad y efectividad del reclutamiento en ambas especies.
In this study, the communication mechanisms used by stingless bees Plebeia frontalis and Trigona corvina (Apidae: Meliponinae) to recruit new individuals to a food resource were determined. In order to check whether the pecorated bees of the species P. frontalis and T. corvina communicate to their nest mates the location of an artificial food resource, several experiments related to distance and direction were carried out. The training of bees towards a food resource, located 50m from the nest and the placement of a control feeder at 5m and another at 40m from the colony served to demonstrate that P. frontalis does not communicate the distance from the food resource, while T. corvina if it does. The placement of an experimental feeder 50m from the colony and two control feeders with an angular difference of 90 ° and 180 °, served to verify that P. frontalis and T. corvina communicate the direction of a food resource. To determine the recruitment mechanisms used by both species, scent mark experiments, experiments with different scents and the arrival time of new bees and experienced bees were determined, it was concluded that the recruitment mechanisms used by P. frontalis they are the smell of food and guided flights; while T. corvina uses guided flights and scent marks as a recruiting mechanism. In addition, the intensity and effectiveness of recruitment in both species was determined.
In this study, the communication mechanisms used by stingless bees Plebeia frontalis and Trigona corvina (Apidae: Meliponinae) to recruit new individuals to a food resource were determined. In order to check whether the pecorated bees of the species P. frontalis and T. corvina communicate to their nest mates the location of an artificial food resource, several experiments related to distance and direction were carried out. The training of bees towards a food resource, located 50m from the nest and the placement of a control feeder at 5m and another at 40m from the colony served to demonstrate that P. frontalis does not communicate the distance from the food resource, while T. corvina if it does. The placement of an experimental feeder 50m from the colony and two control feeders with an angular difference of 90 ° and 180 °, served to verify that P. frontalis and T. corvina communicate the direction of a food resource. To determine the recruitment mechanisms used by both species, scent mark experiments, experiments with different scents and the arrival time of new bees and experienced bees were determined, it was concluded that the recruitment mechanisms used by P. frontalis they are the smell of food and guided flights; while T. corvina uses guided flights and scent marks as a recruiting mechanism. In addition, the intensity and effectiveness of recruitment in both species was determined.
Descripción
Fonseca Sánchez, A. (2001). Métodos de reclutamiento utilizados por las abejas sin aguijón Plebeia Frontalis y Trigona Corvina (Apidae: Meliponinae) para recolectar un recurso alimentario. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional]. Repositorio Institucional, Costa Rica.
Palabras clave
ABEJAS SIN AGUIJON, BEES WITHOUT NEEDLE, APIDAE MELIPONINAE, PLEBEIA FRONTALIS, TRIGONA CORVINA