Un análisis documental de los imaginarios sociales del femicidio presentes en los periódicos digitales de La Nación y Diario Extra en los meses de marzo y octubre del año 2018 en Costa Rica
Fecha
2022-02-02
Autores
Beteta Brenes, Emilia
Castillo Solano, María José
Marín Passeyer, Adriana
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente trabajo está enfocado al tema de los imaginarios sociales del femicidio presentes en los periódicos digitales La Nación y Diario Extra en los meses de marzo y octubre del año 2018 en Costa Rica. Para esto, se parte desde el reconocimiento de una estructura social que reproduce desigualdades existentes entre los géneros femenino y masculino; donde hay sistemas que influyen en la continuidad del dominio de las mujeres.
Es así, como a partir del referente conceptual principal que sería la psicología social, específicamente la psicología de la liberación, se realiza un engranaje entre el feminismo decolonial, el análisis crítico del discurso y los imaginarios sociales para dar cuenta de aquello que comunican los medios de comunicación sobre el femicidio. Se realiza una propuesta desde un enfoque cualitativo, bajo el método fenomenológico para llevar a mostrar una realidad social que no sólo es histórica sino también simbólica.
Para la metodología se utilizó el análisis crítico del discurso aplicado a las narrativas de femicidio con el fin de obtener aquellas prácticas discursivas que presentan los medios a la sociedad, lo que ocultan activamente y cómo construyen la realidad. En cuanto a los resultados se observa que el fenómeno del femicidio es tergiversado por parte de los medios de comunicación con un fin propio donde hay poca profundización de la problemática y se adjudica la responsabilidad principalmente a la mujer.
Por lo tanto, es posible concluir que los medios de comunicación no dan cuenta de la violencia sistemática en que se vive y, principalmente, la violencia que viven las mujeres, lo que ha llevado al femicidio como desenlace.
The present work is focused on the theme of the social imaginaries of femicide present in the digital newspapers La Nación and Diario Extra in the months of March and October of the year 2018 in Costa Rica. For this, it starts from the recognition of a social structure that reproduces existing inequalities between the female and male genders; where there are systems that influence the continuity of women's dominance. Thus, from the main conceptual reference that would be social psychology, specifically the psychology of liberation, a gear is made between decolonial feminism, critical discourse analysis and social imaginaries to account for what the media communicate. of communication on femicide. A proposal is made from a qualitative approach, under the phenomenological method to show a social reality that is not only historical but also symbolic. For the methodology, critical discourse analysis applied to narratives of femicide was used in order to obtain those discursive practices that the media present to society, what they actively hide and how they construct reality. Regarding the results, it is observed that the phenomenon of femicide is distorted by the media with its own purpose where there is little deepening of the problem and responsibility is attributed mainly to women. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the media do not account for the systematic violence in which they live and, mainly, the violence experienced by women, which has led to femicide as an outcome.
The present work is focused on the theme of the social imaginaries of femicide present in the digital newspapers La Nación and Diario Extra in the months of March and October of the year 2018 in Costa Rica. For this, it starts from the recognition of a social structure that reproduces existing inequalities between the female and male genders; where there are systems that influence the continuity of women's dominance. Thus, from the main conceptual reference that would be social psychology, specifically the psychology of liberation, a gear is made between decolonial feminism, critical discourse analysis and social imaginaries to account for what the media communicate. of communication on femicide. A proposal is made from a qualitative approach, under the phenomenological method to show a social reality that is not only historical but also symbolic. For the methodology, critical discourse analysis applied to narratives of femicide was used in order to obtain those discursive practices that the media present to society, what they actively hide and how they construct reality. Regarding the results, it is observed that the phenomenon of femicide is distorted by the media with its own purpose where there is little deepening of the problem and responsibility is attributed mainly to women. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the media do not account for the systematic violence in which they live and, mainly, the violence experienced by women, which has led to femicide as an outcome.
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Palabras clave
COSTA RICA, MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN DE MASAS, MASS MEDIA, IMAGINARIO SOCIAL, SOCIAL IMAGINARY, VIOLENCIA CONTRA LAS MUJERES, VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN