Guatemala: cultura de oposición, resistencia y liberación
Fecha
1991-12
Autores
Cuevas Molina, Rafael
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Editorial de la Universidad Nacional
Resumen
No constituye nada nuevo el afirmar que en los pueblos latinoamericanos, uno de los medios más extendidos de resistencia frente a la conquista y colonización europeas lo constituyó el refugio de los pueblos autóctonos en su propia cultura, lo que le permitió afincar las diferencias y la personalidad social que se relacionaba (aunque fuera solo intuitivamente) con
expresiones distintas del ser social, con una cosmovisión propia; con una diferente forma de asumir el mundo y relacionarse con él.
La «cultura de la oposición» constituyó, en este sentido, un baluarte contra la penetración colonialista, un afirmador del ethos que se arrasaba en el proceso de sujeción. La oposición a la conquista abarcó desde lo militar hasta lo cultural, implicando formas nuevas de valoración cultural que adquirió la significación de
tradiciones, costumbres, etc., cuya finalidad primera no era otra que la de mantener unido al grupo en torno a valores comunes, diferentes de los nuevos legados con el proceso de conquista y colonización. Esta afirmación de la identidad social constituye el nivel básico (mínimo) a partir del cual un grupo
social puede partir para la reivindicación de su libre determinación.
It is nothing new to say that in Latin American peoples, one of the most widespread means of resistance against the conquest and European colonization made it the refuge of the indigenous peoples in his own culture, which allowed him to sharpen the differences and social personality that related (even if only intuitively) with different expressions of the social being, with a world view of their own; with different way of assuming the world and relating to it. The "culture of opposition" constituted, in this sense, a bulwark against colonialist penetration, an affirmer of the ethos that was being swept away in the process of subjection. The opposition to the conquest ranged from the military to the cultural, implying new forms of cultural appreciation that acquired the significance of traditions, customs, etc., whose primary purpose was none other than to keep the group united around common values, different from the new legacies with the process of conquest and colonization. This affirmation of social identity constitutes the basic (minimum) level from which a group social can leave for the vindication of their self-determination.
It is nothing new to say that in Latin American peoples, one of the most widespread means of resistance against the conquest and European colonization made it the refuge of the indigenous peoples in his own culture, which allowed him to sharpen the differences and social personality that related (even if only intuitively) with different expressions of the social being, with a world view of their own; with different way of assuming the world and relating to it. The "culture of opposition" constituted, in this sense, a bulwark against colonialist penetration, an affirmer of the ethos that was being swept away in the process of subjection. The opposition to the conquest ranged from the military to the cultural, implying new forms of cultural appreciation that acquired the significance of traditions, customs, etc., whose primary purpose was none other than to keep the group united around common values, different from the new legacies with the process of conquest and colonization. This affirmation of social identity constitutes the basic (minimum) level from which a group social can leave for the vindication of their self-determination.
Descripción
Palabras clave
GUATEMALA, CULTURA, CULTURE, CIUDADES Y PUEBLOS, INDÍGENAS, NATIVES, CITIES AND TOWNS