Evaluación de la adherencia de la alimentación en la población urbana de ocho países de América Latina al patrón alimentario de referencia de EAT-Lancet
Fecha
2024-11-26
Autores
Rulamán Alejandro Vargas Quesada
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Universidad Nacional. Costa Rica
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Esta investigación aborda el contexto de los patrones alimentarios y la sostenibilidad ambiental en América Latina, evaluando cómo las dietas urbanas de ocho países latinoamericanos se adhieren a la "Dieta de Salud Planetaria" propuesta por la Comisión EAT-Lancet. El patrón alimentario propuesto por EAT-Lancet comprende un marco científico diseñado para promover la salud humana mientras se minimiza el impacto ambiental, y se caracteriza por un alto consumo de frutas, vegetales, granos enteros, leguminosas, nueces y semillas y aceites vegetales insaturados, con una reducción en el consumo de carnes rojas, azúcares añadidos y alimentos procesados.
Esta investigación utiliza datos del Estudio Latino Americano de Nutrición y Salud (ELANS 2016), un amplio estudio multinacional que recopiló información detallada sobre la dieta, el estado nutricional y los niveles de actividad física de 9218 participantes en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela. Por medio del Índice de Dieta de Salud Planetaria (IDSP), desarrollado específicamente para medir la adherencia a las recomendaciones de EAT-Lancet, este estudio cuantifica el grado en que las dietas de estos países cumplen con los criterios de la Dieta de Salud Planetaria. Los resultados del estudio muestran que la adherencia general al patrón de EAT-Lancet en América Latina es baja, con un promedio regional del 29.7%. Sin embargo, existe una variabilidad significativa entre países, siendo Costa Rica el país con la mayor adherencia (32.9%) y Argentina con la menor (25.8%). Algunos grupos demográficos, como los adultos de mayor edad, personas con mayor nivel educativo, de nivel socioeconómico más alto y aquellos con niveles más altos de actividad física, tienden a mostrar una mayor adherencia al patrón alimentario propuesto por EAT-Lancet.
This research addresses the context of dietary patterns and environmental sustainability in Latin America, assessing how urban diets in eight Latin American countries sustainability in Latin America, assessing how urban diets in eight Latin American countries adhere to the “Planetary Health Diet” proposed by the EAT-Lancet adhere to the “Planetary Health Diet” proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission. The EAT-Lancet The dietary pattern proposed by the EAT-Lancet comprises a scientific framework designed to promote human health while minimizing environmental impact, and is characterized by a high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, whole grains, fruits, whole grains, whole grains, whole grains, and whole grains. fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, and unsaturated vegetable oils, with a reduction in the consumption of red meat, added sugars and processed foods. This research uses data from the Latin American and Latino American Nutrition and Health Study (ELANS 2016), a large multinational study that collected detailed information on the diet, nutritional status and physical activity levels of the nutritional status and physical activity levels of 9218 participants in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Using the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI), developed specifically to measure adherence to the EAT-Lancet recommendations, this study quantifies the degree to which diets in these countries meet the Planetary Health Diet criteria. the Planetary Health Diet criteria. The results of the study show that overall adherence to the EAT-Lancet pattern in Latin America is low, with a regional average of 29.7%. However, there is significant variability between countries, with Costa Rica having the highest adherence (32.9%) and Argentina the lowest (25.8%). with the lowest (25.8%). Some demographic groups, such as older adults, people with higher levels of education, higher socioeconomic status and those with higher levels of physical activity, tend to show greater adherence to the dietary pattern proposed by EAT-Lancet.
This research addresses the context of dietary patterns and environmental sustainability in Latin America, assessing how urban diets in eight Latin American countries sustainability in Latin America, assessing how urban diets in eight Latin American countries adhere to the “Planetary Health Diet” proposed by the EAT-Lancet adhere to the “Planetary Health Diet” proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission. The EAT-Lancet The dietary pattern proposed by the EAT-Lancet comprises a scientific framework designed to promote human health while minimizing environmental impact, and is characterized by a high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, whole grains, fruits, whole grains, whole grains, whole grains, and whole grains. fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, and unsaturated vegetable oils, with a reduction in the consumption of red meat, added sugars and processed foods. This research uses data from the Latin American and Latino American Nutrition and Health Study (ELANS 2016), a large multinational study that collected detailed information on the diet, nutritional status and physical activity levels of the nutritional status and physical activity levels of 9218 participants in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Using the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI), developed specifically to measure adherence to the EAT-Lancet recommendations, this study quantifies the degree to which diets in these countries meet the Planetary Health Diet criteria. the Planetary Health Diet criteria. The results of the study show that overall adherence to the EAT-Lancet pattern in Latin America is low, with a regional average of 29.7%. However, there is significant variability between countries, with Costa Rica having the highest adherence (32.9%) and Argentina the lowest (25.8%). with the lowest (25.8%). Some demographic groups, such as older adults, people with higher levels of education, higher socioeconomic status and those with higher levels of physical activity, tend to show greater adherence to the dietary pattern proposed by EAT-Lancet.
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EPIDEMIOLOGIA VETERINARIA, NUTRICIÓN, AMERICA LATINA, SOSTENIBILIDAD, PESO CORPORAL, VETERINARY EPIDEMIOLOGY, NUTRITION, SUSTAINABILITY, BODY WEIGHT