Fortalecimiento de habilidades para la vida en estudiantes de duodécimo año del Colegio Técnico Profesional San Isidro de Heredia que transitan al ámbito laboral
Fecha
2025-08-13
Autores
Zúñiga Montero, Nicole
Araya Rodriguez, Priscila
Oviedo Ocampo, Natalia
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El proyecto de graduación titulado Fortalecimiento de Habilidades para la Vida en estudiantes de duodécimo año del Colegio Técnico Profesional San Isidro de Heredia (CTP-SI) que transitan al ámbito laboral, fue desarrollado por tres estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica como respuesta a la preocupación institucional de preparar a las personas estudiantes para enfrentar los desafíos del entorno laboral que van más allá de la formación académica y técnica. Durante la ejecución de un taller previo, se identificaron vacíos significativos en las habilidades blandas del estudiantado, tales como la comunicación asertiva, el manejo emocional y el autoconocimiento. La propuesta para contribuir a la preocupación de la institución educativa se enmarca en los enfoques de Psicología Humanista y Habilidades para la Vida definidos por la OMS, reconociendo la necesidad de una transición psicosocial efectiva desde la adolescencia hacia la adultez laboral. El objetivo general del proyecto es fortalecer las habilidades para la vida en estudiantes de duodécimo año del Colegio técnico profesional de San Isidro de Heredia, como preparación para su inserción al mundo laboral. Para ello se empleó la Investigación-Acción, permitiendo la participación activa del estudiantado en tres fases propuestas para cumplir con el objetivo. Primera fase, diagnóstico: entrevistas individuales y grupo focal para identificar habilidades a fortalecer. Seguido la fase de diseño: elaboración de un módulo psicoeducativo con talleres secuenciales. Por último la fase de implementación y evaluación: ejecución de talleres presenciales centrados en las habilidades para vida con un enfoque humanista. Como resultado de la ejecución de los talleres psicoeducativos y dos sesiones de seguimiento durante la práctica profesional de las personas participantes, se concluyó la necesidad de fortalecer competencias psicosociales, particularmente el manejo del estrés, la comunicación, la empatía y la toma de decisiones. Los estudiantes y las estudiantes participaron activamente, mostrando una mejora en la comprensión y aplicación de las habilidades abordadas. El enfoque flexible permitió adaptar los talleres a los intereses y contextos del grupo. Se evidenció una transformación positiva en la autopercepción de los estudiantes sobre sus capacidades para enfrentar el mundo laboral.
El proyecto demostró que las intervenciones psicoeducativas basadas en habilidades para la vida y con enfoque humanista son una estrategia efectiva para preparar a adolescentes a iniciar su vida laboral. Además se promovió el desarrollo personal, la autorrealización y la capacidad de adaptación. El uso de la Psicología Humanista fue clave para acompañar estos procesos desde un enfoque centrado en la persona.
The graduation project, titled Strengthening Life Skills in twelfth-year students at the San Isidro de Heredia Technical and Vocational School (CTP-SI) who are entering the workforce, was developed by three students from the National University of Costa Rica in response to the institutional concern of preparing students to face the challenges of the workplace that go beyond academic and technical training. During a prior workshop, significant gaps in students' soft skills were identified, such as assertive communication, emotional management, and self-awareness. The proposal, to contribute to the institution's concerns, is framed within the Humanistic Psychology and Life Skills approaches defined by the WHO, recognizing the need for an effective psychosocial transition from adolescence to working adulthood. The overall objective of the project is to strengthen life skills in twelfth-year students at the San Isidro de Heredia Technical and Vocational School, in preparation for their entry into the workforce. To achieve this, action research was used, allowing for active student participation in three proposed phases to achieve the objective. The first phase was diagnostic: individual interviews and a focus group to identify skills to be strengthened. This was followed by the design phase: development of a psychoeducational module with sequential workshops. Finally, the implementation and evaluation phase: implementation of in-person workshops focused on life skills with a humanistic approach. As a result of the psychoeducational workshops and two follow-up sessions during the participants' professional internship, it was concluded that there was a need to strengthen psychosocial competencies, particularly stress management, communication, empathy, and decision-making. The students actively participated, demonstrating an improvement in their understanding and application of the skills covered. The flexible approach allowed the workshops to be adapted to the interests and contexts of the group. A positive transformation was evident in the students' self-perception of their abilities to face the world of work. The project demonstrated that psychoeducational interventions based on life skills and a humanistic approach are an effective strategy for preparing adolescents to begin their working lives. It also promoted personal development, self-realization, and adaptability. The use of Humanistic Psychology was key to supporting these processes from a person-centered perspective.
The graduation project, titled Strengthening Life Skills in twelfth-year students at the San Isidro de Heredia Technical and Vocational School (CTP-SI) who are entering the workforce, was developed by three students from the National University of Costa Rica in response to the institutional concern of preparing students to face the challenges of the workplace that go beyond academic and technical training. During a prior workshop, significant gaps in students' soft skills were identified, such as assertive communication, emotional management, and self-awareness. The proposal, to contribute to the institution's concerns, is framed within the Humanistic Psychology and Life Skills approaches defined by the WHO, recognizing the need for an effective psychosocial transition from adolescence to working adulthood. The overall objective of the project is to strengthen life skills in twelfth-year students at the San Isidro de Heredia Technical and Vocational School, in preparation for their entry into the workforce. To achieve this, action research was used, allowing for active student participation in three proposed phases to achieve the objective. The first phase was diagnostic: individual interviews and a focus group to identify skills to be strengthened. This was followed by the design phase: development of a psychoeducational module with sequential workshops. Finally, the implementation and evaluation phase: implementation of in-person workshops focused on life skills with a humanistic approach. As a result of the psychoeducational workshops and two follow-up sessions during the participants' professional internship, it was concluded that there was a need to strengthen psychosocial competencies, particularly stress management, communication, empathy, and decision-making. The students actively participated, demonstrating an improvement in their understanding and application of the skills covered. The flexible approach allowed the workshops to be adapted to the interests and contexts of the group. A positive transformation was evident in the students' self-perception of their abilities to face the world of work. The project demonstrated that psychoeducational interventions based on life skills and a humanistic approach are an effective strategy for preparing adolescents to begin their working lives. It also promoted personal development, self-realization, and adaptability. The use of Humanistic Psychology was key to supporting these processes from a person-centered perspective.
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Palabras clave
PSICOLOGÍA HUMANÍSTICA, HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY, HABILIDADES PARA LA VIDA, LIFE SKILLS, TRABAJO, JOB, ADOLESCENTES, TEENAGERS