Proceso de acompañamiento comunitario con niñas y niños de la comunidad El Triángulo de la Solidaridad que promueva la atención de sus necesidades psicosociales: un abordaje desde la Psicología Social Comunitaria
Fecha
2017-08
Autores
Cambronero Zúñiga, María Fernanda
Quirós Vásquez, Rebeca
Venegas Cerdas, Juan Gabriel
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente proyecto tuvo como propósito central desarrollar un proceso de acompañamiento comunitario con niños y niñas de la comunidad El Triángulo de la Solidaridad en el cantón de Tibás, provincia de San José, que promoviera la atención de sus necesidades psicosociales. El mismo se llevó a cabo con un grupo de infantes de 7 a 10 años de edad, en conjunto con algunas de sus madres, y líderes comunitarias, lo cual permitió la articulación e involucramiento de distintos grupos de la comunidad. Para lograr dicho propósito, el proyecto se estructuró en cuatro fases que permitieron cumplir con los objetivos específicos de la propuesta; a saber, una fase diagnóstica, una fase de diseño de acciones, otra fase de ejecución de dichas acciones y una última de divulgación del proceso desarrollado a lo largo de año y medio aproximadamente, veintinueve sesiones específicamente. Así mismo, dicho acompañamiento se diseñó y ejecutó bajo los postulados de la Psicología Social Comunitaria y los principios de la Investigación Acción Participativa; además que incorporó como conceptos claves el de sentido de comunidad, pobreza infantil, vulnerabilidad, el capital social, las redes de apoyo y la diferenciación entre necesidades y satisfactores, así como entre pobreza y exclusión social. Respecto a los principales resultados fue posible evidenciar la falta de espacios de escucha y acompañamiento a las personas menores de edad en dicha comunidad, a la vez que se logró observar y registrar cómo el proceso que llevó este grupo de niños y niñas permitió generar y fortalecer una importante red de apoyo en sí mismos, así como la posibilidad de empoderamiento al hacerse escuchar frente a un mundo adultocentrista y en una comunidad socialmente excluida. Además, es posible mencionar algunas temáticas que no fueron centrales en el proyecto pero que de alguna manera se hicieron presentes en el mismo como lo son el tema de género y el de identidad cultural, ligados a la predominante población migrante del lugar.
The central purpose of this project was to develop a community support process for children in the El Triángulo de la Solidaridad community in the canton of Tibás, San José province, promoting the attention to their psychosocial needs. It was carried out with a group of children aged 7 to 10, along with some of their mothers and community leaders, which allowed for the coordination and involvement of different groups within the community. To achieve this purpose, the project was structured in four phases that allowed for the fulfillment of the specific objectives of the proposal: a diagnostic phase, an action design phase, an action implementation phase, and a final phase of disseminating the process developed over approximately a year and a half, specifically twenty-nine sessions. Furthermore, this support was designed and implemented based on the principles of Community Social Psychology and Participatory Action Research. Furthermore, it incorporated key concepts such as sense of community, child poverty, vulnerability, social capital, support networks, and the distinction between needs and satisfiers, as well as between poverty and social exclusion. Regarding the main results, it was evident that there were no spaces for listening to and supporting minors in this community. At the same time, it was observed and documented how the process undertaken by this group of children allowed them to generate and strengthen an important support network within themselves, as well as empowering themselves by making their voices heard in an adult-centric world and within a socially excluded community. Additionally, it is worth mentioning some themes that were not central to the project but were nonetheless present, such as gender and cultural identity, linked to the area's predominantly migrant population.
The central purpose of this project was to develop a community support process for children in the El Triángulo de la Solidaridad community in the canton of Tibás, San José province, promoting the attention to their psychosocial needs. It was carried out with a group of children aged 7 to 10, along with some of their mothers and community leaders, which allowed for the coordination and involvement of different groups within the community. To achieve this purpose, the project was structured in four phases that allowed for the fulfillment of the specific objectives of the proposal: a diagnostic phase, an action design phase, an action implementation phase, and a final phase of disseminating the process developed over approximately a year and a half, specifically twenty-nine sessions. Furthermore, this support was designed and implemented based on the principles of Community Social Psychology and Participatory Action Research. Furthermore, it incorporated key concepts such as sense of community, child poverty, vulnerability, social capital, support networks, and the distinction between needs and satisfiers, as well as between poverty and social exclusion. Regarding the main results, it was evident that there were no spaces for listening to and supporting minors in this community. At the same time, it was observed and documented how the process undertaken by this group of children allowed them to generate and strengthen an important support network within themselves, as well as empowering themselves by making their voices heard in an adult-centric world and within a socially excluded community. Additionally, it is worth mentioning some themes that were not central to the project but were nonetheless present, such as gender and cultural identity, linked to the area's predominantly migrant population.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Psicología
Palabras clave
PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL, SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, NIÑOS SOCIALMENTE DESFAVORECIDOS, SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN, PROBLEMAS SOCIALES, SOCIAL PROBLEMS
