Análisis de los factores que intervienen en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la comprensión del tema de la tabla periódica, con estudiantes de décimo nivel del Colegio Académico Nocturno de Sinaí, durante el periodo lectivo 2016
Fecha
2018
Autores
Arias Murillo, Carol
Briceño Sanabria, Angelita
Garro Arguedas, Kristel
Valverde Fernández, Lucrecia
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La enseñanza de la tabla periódica se caracteriza por ser un tema complejo, muy memorístico lo que genera dificultad en el aprendizaje, por lo que la aplicación de estrategias en el área de la química permite forjar interés, participación y atracción por parte de los estudiantes, agregado a esto surgen las situaciones que intervienen dentro del salón de clases que afectan el proceso educativo. Del mismo modo es necesario asociar dicho tema con la realidad cotidiana, también es importante considerar los programas de estudio, ya que estos presentan un déficit en cuanto la educación científica y los conocimientos previos lo cual genera un aprendizaje no significativo. La línea de investigación está integrada por una propuesta alternativa con el fin de mejorar los factores antes mencionados, guiada por la investigación científica cuya modalidad es un estudio de caso, integrada por una muestra de veintiocho estudiantes, dos docentes y el asesor regional de ciencias en Pérez Zeledón. Para la obtención, discusión y procesamiento de las categorías se utilizaron diversos instrumentos en la recolección de datos, una entrevista semiestructurada que brindo información por parte de los docentes y el asesor de ciencias sobre el programa de estudio de química en educación diversificada, además de la experiencia que tienen los docentes en las estrategias metodológicas. Luego, se aplicó cuestionarios con preguntas abiertas y cerradas dirigidas a estudiantes para conocer las situaciones que afectan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, asimismo se evaluaron mediante observaciones dichos factores. Por último se realizan conclusiones y se sugieren recomendaciones para los docentes del Colegio Académico Nocturno de Sinaí y el Ministerio de Educación Pública.
The teaching of the periodic table is characterized by being a complex subject, very memorized which generates difficulty in learning, so the application of strategies in the area of chemistry allows for the building of interest, participation and attraction on the part of students, adding to this the situations that arise within the classroom that affect the educational process. In the same way, it is necessary to associate this topic with the daily reality, it is also important to consider the study programs, since they present a deficit in scientific education and previous knowledge, which generates a non significant learning. The line of research is integrated by an alternative proposal with the purpose of improving the factors previously mentioned, guided by the scientific research whose modality is a case study, integrated by a sample of twenty-eight students, two teachers and the regional advisor of sciences in Perez Zeledon. In order to obtain, discuss and process the categories, several instruments were used in the data collection, a semi-structured interview that provided information by the teachers and the science advisor about the chemistry curriculum in diversified education, as well as the experience that the teachers have in the methodological strategies. Then, questionnaires with open and closed questions directed to students were applied to know the situations that affect the teaching-learning process, also these factors were evaluated through observations. Finally, conclusions are made and recommendations are suggested for the teachers of the Sinai Academic Night School and the Ministry of Public Education.
The teaching of the periodic table is characterized by being a complex subject, very memorized which generates difficulty in learning, so the application of strategies in the area of chemistry allows for the building of interest, participation and attraction on the part of students, adding to this the situations that arise within the classroom that affect the educational process. In the same way, it is necessary to associate this topic with the daily reality, it is also important to consider the study programs, since they present a deficit in scientific education and previous knowledge, which generates a non significant learning. The line of research is integrated by an alternative proposal with the purpose of improving the factors previously mentioned, guided by the scientific research whose modality is a case study, integrated by a sample of twenty-eight students, two teachers and the regional advisor of sciences in Perez Zeledon. In order to obtain, discuss and process the categories, several instruments were used in the data collection, a semi-structured interview that provided information by the teachers and the science advisor about the chemistry curriculum in diversified education, as well as the experience that the teachers have in the methodological strategies. Then, questionnaires with open and closed questions directed to students were applied to know the situations that affect the teaching-learning process, also these factors were evaluated through observations. Finally, conclusions are made and recommendations are suggested for the teachers of the Sinai Academic Night School and the Ministry of Public Education.
Descripción
Seminario de Graduación para optar por el grado de Licenciatura en Enseñanza de las Ciencias
Palabras clave
ENSEÑANZA DE LA QUÍMICA, APRENDIZAJE, TABLA PERIÓDICA (QUÍMICA), ENSEÑANZA SECUNDARIA