Pasantía en Medicina Interna y Cirugía de Tejidos Blandos en Especies Menores en el Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres HEMS de la Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica; y Clínica Veterinaria Coronado CVC, San José, Costa Rica
Fecha
2023
Autores
Carmona Laverde, Ariana
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Esta pasantía se realizó en el Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres de la
Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica, y en
la Clínica Coronado, San José, Costa Rica del 8 de febrero de 2021 al 8 de junio de
2021, con una duración de 768 horas. Se participó en la atención de 361 pacientes en
total.
El total de casos asistidos en el HEMS fue de 262 animales (72.5% de los casos
totales), de los cuales 103 (56%) recibieron abordaje de medicina interna, 131(40%)
recibieron abordaje quirúrgico, y en ocasiones debió utilizar una combinación de
ambos.
Al analizar los datos, se determinó que, en ambos sitios, el sistema más
afectado, fue el gastrointestinal (100 casos, equivalente a 27.7%), emergencias (29
casos, equivalente a 8.0%), seguido por el sistema respiratorio (24 casos, equivalente
a 6.65%), y sistema renal y urinario (20 casos, equivalente a 5.5%), inclusive algunos
presentaron dos o más enfermedades que impactaron varios sistemas al mismo
tiempo. A la vez, cabe destacar los problemas locomotores (58) que aunque no fueron
parte del estudio quirúrgico se presentaron como parte de la medicina interna.
Para lograr el diagnóstico de dichas enfermedades se requirió de imágenes
médicas, especialmente radiografías en 60.3% de los casos y ultrasonidos en 55.4%
de los casos. Otras pruebas utilizadas menos frecuentemente fueron las biopsias,
análisis coprológicos, test de fluoresceína y gastroscopías.
Por otra parte, en la Clínica Veterinaria Coronado, se atendió a 99 animales
(28.6% del total de animales atendidos, siendo 93 casos de medicina interna (90.3%)
y 24 cirugías (27.4%), en algunos de los casos atendidos para medicina interna se
realizaron tratamientos quirúrgicos, ya fuese de emergencia o previamente asignada.
Además, se realizó reporte del caso: abordaje diagnóstico, tratamiento y
evolución de “Laika”, canina de raza Malamute, castrada, de 30 kg de peso y de cinco
años, quien sufrió de neumotórax espontáneo.
This internship was performed at the Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres of the School of Veterinary Medicine of the Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica, and at the Clínica Coronado, San José, Costa Rica from February 8, 2021 to June 8, 2021, with a duration of 768 hours. A total of 361 patients were attended. The total number of cases attended at HEMS was 262 animals (72.5% of the total cases), of which 103 (56%) received internal medicine approach, 131 (40%) received surgical approach, and sometimes a combination of both had to be used. When analyzing the data, it was determined that, in both sites, the most affected system was the gastrointestinal system (100 cases, equivalent to 27.7%), emergencies (29 cases, equivalent to 8.0%), followed by the respiratory system (24 cases, equivalent to 6.65%), and the renal and urinary system (20 cases, equivalent to 5.5%), including some with two or more diseases that impacted several systems at the same time. At the same time, it is worth mentioning the locomotor problems (58 cases, equivalent to 22.1%) that although they were not part of the surgical study, they were presented as part of the internal medicine. To achieve the diagnosis of these diseases, medical imaging was required, especially radiographs in 60.3% of the cases and ultrasound in 55.4% of the cases. Other tests used less frequently were biopsies, coprological analysis, fluorescein test and gastroscopy. 11 On the other hand, at the Coronado Veterinary Clinic, 99 animals were attended (28.6% of the total number of animals attended, being 93 cases of internal medicine (90.3%) and 24 surgeries (27.4%), in some of the cases attended for internal medicine, surgical treatments were performed, either emergency or previously assigned. In addition, a case report was made: diagnostic approach, treatment and evolution of "Laika", a Malamute canine, spayed, 30 kg of weight and five years old, who suffered from an spontaneous pneumothorax.
This internship was performed at the Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres of the School of Veterinary Medicine of the Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica, and at the Clínica Coronado, San José, Costa Rica from February 8, 2021 to June 8, 2021, with a duration of 768 hours. A total of 361 patients were attended. The total number of cases attended at HEMS was 262 animals (72.5% of the total cases), of which 103 (56%) received internal medicine approach, 131 (40%) received surgical approach, and sometimes a combination of both had to be used. When analyzing the data, it was determined that, in both sites, the most affected system was the gastrointestinal system (100 cases, equivalent to 27.7%), emergencies (29 cases, equivalent to 8.0%), followed by the respiratory system (24 cases, equivalent to 6.65%), and the renal and urinary system (20 cases, equivalent to 5.5%), including some with two or more diseases that impacted several systems at the same time. At the same time, it is worth mentioning the locomotor problems (58 cases, equivalent to 22.1%) that although they were not part of the surgical study, they were presented as part of the internal medicine. To achieve the diagnosis of these diseases, medical imaging was required, especially radiographs in 60.3% of the cases and ultrasound in 55.4% of the cases. Other tests used less frequently were biopsies, coprological analysis, fluorescein test and gastroscopy. 11 On the other hand, at the Coronado Veterinary Clinic, 99 animals were attended (28.6% of the total number of animals attended, being 93 cases of internal medicine (90.3%) and 24 surgeries (27.4%), in some of the cases attended for internal medicine, surgical treatments were performed, either emergency or previously assigned. In addition, a case report was made: diagnostic approach, treatment and evolution of "Laika", a Malamute canine, spayed, 30 kg of weight and five years old, who suffered from an spontaneous pneumothorax.
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Palabras clave
PERRO, DOG, DIAGNÓSTICO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), DIAGNOSIS (VETERINARY MEDICINE), MEDICINA INTERNA, INTERNAL MEDICINE, CIRUGÍA VETERINARIA, VETERINARY SURGERY