Determinación de la eficacia farmacológica y ls efectos secundarios de una esponga intravaginal de fabricación casera elaborada con acetato de medroxiprogesterona para la sincronización del estro en ovinos de pelo
Fecha
2015-09-08
Autores
Gónzalez Navarro, Silvia
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la eficacia farmacológica y los efectos secundarios
de una esponja de fabricación casera elaborada con acetato de medroxiprogestrona en la
sincronización del estro en ovinos de pelo. Fue realizado entre agosto del 2011 y julio del
2014. Se incluyeron un total de 78 hembras adultas, multíparas y ciclando. En la primera etapa
se utilizaron 18 animales y el objetivo fue analizar la eficacia y los efectos secundarios de la
esponja de elaboración casera. En la segunda etapa se utilizaron 60 hembras divididas en dos
grupos (G): (1) esponja de elaboración casera (n-30), (2) esponja comercial (n-30). El fin de
esta etapa fue comparar la tasa de sincronización de celos y el porcentaje de preñez aplicando
una esponja casera y una comercial y utilizando monta natural posteriormente. La esponja de
fabricación casera se impregnó con 60 mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona y se colocó
durante 12 días. El día que se extrajo se administró 200 UI de gonadotropina coriónica equina
y cinco miligramos de dinoprost trometamin. Con la esponja comercial se siguió el mismo
protocolo. En la primera etapa dos hembras perdieron el dispositivo, ninguna de las hembras
presentó celo durante el tratamiento y el 100% presentaron celo luego de retirada la esponja.
Todas las hembras presentaron vaginitis leve luego de retirada la esponja caracterizada por
enrojecimiento e irritación de la mucosa vaginal y secreción purulenta. Tres hembras
presentaron adherencias. Se realizó un hemograma completo y medición de los niveles de
fibrinógeno el día cero y 12 del tratamiento. Se observó una diminución de los conteos de
leucocitos con respecto al primer hemograma y dos hembras presentaron mediciones de
fibrinógeno indicativas de un proceso inflamatorio. En la segunda etapa no se presentó pérdida
del dispositivo intravaginal ni celos durante los 12 días del tratamiento. Se obtuvo un 100% de
sincronización y presentación del estro 48 horas después de extraída la esponja en ambos
grupos. La preñez se diagnosticó por medio de ultrasonido transrectal a los 35 días post monta.
Del grupo 1 se preñaron 24 hembras (80%), mientras que del grupo 2 se preñaron 23 hembras
(76%). Basado en los resultados de este trabajo, la esponja intravaginal de fabricación casera
es efectiva para la sincronización del estro en ovinos de pelo y la obtención de altas tasas de
preñez.
The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmaceutical efficiency and the secondary effects of a homemade sponge fabricated with medroxyprogesterone acetate for estrous synchronization in hair ewes. It was realized during August, 2011 and July, 2014. A total of 78 adult cycling multiparous ewes were included. In the first phase, 18 animals were used, and the objective was to analyze the efficiency and the secondary effects of the homemade sponge. In the second phase, 60 females were used and distributed in two groups (G): (1) homemade sponge (n-30), (2) commercial sponge (n-30). The goal of this phase was to compare the estrus synchronization rate and the percentage of pregnancy between the use of the homemade sponge and the commercial sponge combined with natural mating. The homemade sponge was impregnated with 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate, and was placed for a period of 12 days. The day that it was removed, 200 UI of equine chorionic gonadotrophin and five milligrams of dinoprost tromethamine were administered. The same method was used with the commercial sponge. During the first phase, two females lost the device, none showed heat while undergoing treatment, and 100% showed estrous signs after the device withdrawal. All females developed mild vaginitis, characterized by a reddened, irritation of the vaginal mucosa and purulent discharge after the extraction of the sponge. Three females presented adhesions. A complete blood count (CBC) and a level of fibrinogen measurement were performed on days cero and 12 of the treatment. There was a leukocyte count reduction in regard to the first CBC, and two females showed fibrinogen levels indicative of an inflammatory process. In the second phase, there was no loss of the intravaginal device, none of the animals showed estrous signs during the 12 days treatment. A 100% of the ewes were synchronized and showed estrous 48 hours after the sponge removal in both groups. Pregnancy was diagnosed with a transrectal ultrasound 35 days post mating. The pregnancy rate in the group 1 was, 24 females (80%), while in group 2, 23 females (76%). Based on these results we conclude that the homemade intravaginal sponge is effective for estrus synchronization and high pregnancy rates in hairy sheep in Costa Rica.
The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmaceutical efficiency and the secondary effects of a homemade sponge fabricated with medroxyprogesterone acetate for estrous synchronization in hair ewes. It was realized during August, 2011 and July, 2014. A total of 78 adult cycling multiparous ewes were included. In the first phase, 18 animals were used, and the objective was to analyze the efficiency and the secondary effects of the homemade sponge. In the second phase, 60 females were used and distributed in two groups (G): (1) homemade sponge (n-30), (2) commercial sponge (n-30). The goal of this phase was to compare the estrus synchronization rate and the percentage of pregnancy between the use of the homemade sponge and the commercial sponge combined with natural mating. The homemade sponge was impregnated with 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate, and was placed for a period of 12 days. The day that it was removed, 200 UI of equine chorionic gonadotrophin and five milligrams of dinoprost tromethamine were administered. The same method was used with the commercial sponge. During the first phase, two females lost the device, none showed heat while undergoing treatment, and 100% showed estrous signs after the device withdrawal. All females developed mild vaginitis, characterized by a reddened, irritation of the vaginal mucosa and purulent discharge after the extraction of the sponge. Three females presented adhesions. A complete blood count (CBC) and a level of fibrinogen measurement were performed on days cero and 12 of the treatment. There was a leukocyte count reduction in regard to the first CBC, and two females showed fibrinogen levels indicative of an inflammatory process. In the second phase, there was no loss of the intravaginal device, none of the animals showed estrous signs during the 12 days treatment. A 100% of the ewes were synchronized and showed estrous 48 hours after the sponge removal in both groups. Pregnancy was diagnosed with a transrectal ultrasound 35 days post mating. The pregnancy rate in the group 1 was, 24 females (80%), while in group 2, 23 females (76%). Based on these results we conclude that the homemade intravaginal sponge is effective for estrus synchronization and high pregnancy rates in hairy sheep in Costa Rica.
Descripción
Modalidad: Proyecto de graduación
Palabras clave
OVINOS, REPRODUCCION ANIMAL, CICLO ESTRAL, ESPONJAS, PRODUCTOS FARMACEUTICOS, OVARIO, OVULACION