Productividad de la biomasa y producción de metabolitos secundarios en el co-cultivo de las microalgas dulceacuícolas Chlorella sorokiniana y Desmodesmus communis
Fecha
2021
Autores
Sánchez Miranda, Alejandra
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Las microalgas son organismos fotosintéticos con una alta tasa de crecimiento y capacidad de generar compuestos bioactivos con potencial industrial. Los géneros Chlorella y Desmodesmus se han estudiado por su alto contenido de nutrientes y acumulación de lípidos y carbohidratos de interés. El co-cultivo se presenta como un sistema promisorio para incrementar la productividad de la biomasa ya que se genera menor riesgo de contaminación por microorganismos patógenos y se mejora la utilización de nutrientes. Al ser Chlorella sorokiniana y Desmodesmus communis dos microalgas pertenecientes al mismo hábitat, se asume que tienen la capacidad de lograr una relación de cooperación en el co-cultivo y generar una alta productividad. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de un co-cultivo con ambas microalgas en cuanto a productividad de la biomasa y de metabolitos secundarios. Para lo cual, se cultivaron de manera unialgal y en co cultivo en medio F de Guillard y Ryther con 10% de agua de mar; se realizó el recuento celular, la cosecha de la biomasa y posteriores análisis al inicio de la fase estacionaria de cada cultivo. La mayor productividad de la biomasa (mgL-1d-1) se obtuvo tanto en el co-cultivo (50.90 ± 4.49) como en el cultivo unialgal de D. communis (50.69 ± 5.02), siendo menor en C. sorokiniana unialgal (39.03 ± 3.63). No hubo diferencias significativas entre los tres cultivos para el contenido de proteínas y carbohidratos, mientras que el contenido de lípidos y pigmentos fue mayor en el cultivo unialgal de C. sorokiniana. En co-cultivo ambas especies lograron crecer sin desplazar una a la
otra, generando productividad de la biomasa y metabolitos de manera uniforme, sin embargo, no se encontró diferencias significativas con el cultivo unialgal de D. communis, por lo que se deben realizar más estudios para incrementar la productividad y eficiencia del co-cultivo.
Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms with a high growth rate and the ability to generate bioactive compounds with industrial potential. The Chlorella and Desmodesmus genera have been studied for their high nutrient content and accumulation of lipids and carbohydrates of interest. Co-cultivation is presented as a promising system to increase biomass productivity since it generates a lower risk of contamination by pathogenic microorganisms and the use of nutrients is improved. As Chlorella sorokiniana and Desmodesmus communis are two microalgae belonging to the same habitat, it is assumed that they have the ability to achieve a cooperative relationship in co-cultivation and generate high productivity. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a co-culture with both microalgae in terms of biomass productivity and secondary metabolites. For which, they were cultivated in a unialgal way and in co-culture in Guillard and Ryther's F medium with 10% seawater; The cell count, the biomass harvest and subsequent analysis were carried out at the beginning of the stationary phase of each culture. The highest biomass productivity (mgL-1d-1) was obtained both in the co-culture (50.90 ± 4.49) and in the unialgal culture of D. communis (50.69 ± 5.02), being lower in C. sorokiniana unialgal (39.03 ± 3.63). There were no significant differences between the three cultures for the content of proteins and carbohydrates, while the content of lipids and pigments was higher in the unialgal culture of C. sorokiniana. In co-cultivation both species managed to grow without displacing one another, generating productivity of the biomass and metabolites in a uniform way, however, no significant differences were found with the unialgal culture of D. communis, so more should be done. studies to increase the productivity and efficiency of co-cultivation.
Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms with a high growth rate and the ability to generate bioactive compounds with industrial potential. The Chlorella and Desmodesmus genera have been studied for their high nutrient content and accumulation of lipids and carbohydrates of interest. Co-cultivation is presented as a promising system to increase biomass productivity since it generates a lower risk of contamination by pathogenic microorganisms and the use of nutrients is improved. As Chlorella sorokiniana and Desmodesmus communis are two microalgae belonging to the same habitat, it is assumed that they have the ability to achieve a cooperative relationship in co-cultivation and generate high productivity. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a co-culture with both microalgae in terms of biomass productivity and secondary metabolites. For which, they were cultivated in a unialgal way and in co-culture in Guillard and Ryther's F medium with 10% seawater; The cell count, the biomass harvest and subsequent analysis were carried out at the beginning of the stationary phase of each culture. The highest biomass productivity (mgL-1d-1) was obtained both in the co-culture (50.90 ± 4.49) and in the unialgal culture of D. communis (50.69 ± 5.02), being lower in C. sorokiniana unialgal (39.03 ± 3.63). There were no significant differences between the three cultures for the content of proteins and carbohydrates, while the content of lipids and pigments was higher in the unialgal culture of C. sorokiniana. In co-cultivation both species managed to grow without displacing one another, generating productivity of the biomass and metabolites in a uniform way, however, no significant differences were found with the unialgal culture of D. communis, so more should be done. studies to increase the productivity and efficiency of co-cultivation.
Descripción
Sánchez Miranda, A. (2021). Productividad de la biomasa y producción de metabolitos secundarios en el co-cultivo de las microalgas dulceacuícolas Chlorella sorokiniana y Desmodesmus communis [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Palabras clave
MICROALGAS, MICROALGAE, BIOMASA, BIOTECNOLOGÍA, BIOTECHNOLOGY