Evaluación de la situación de riesgo al desastre de avalanchas en la microcuenca Río Agres, San Rafael de Escazú y la participación de los posibles afectados directos en la mitigación durante los años 2005-2006
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Fecha
2010
Autores
Quesada Vivas, Rosalía
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Este documento investiga los factores que inciden en la población que vive en riesgo, al ubicarse sus viviendas en la margen de la microcuenca del río Agres-San Rafael, localizado en el cantón de Escazú. En especial se investigará la población que se encuentra expuesta a avalancha de piedras y barro que se localiza al sur del cantón, específicamente en el distrito de San Antonio de Escazú, es en este sector donde nace la microcuenca Agres-San Rafael. Esta área se encuentra en riesgo inminente ante un desastre natural. Á través de esta investigación se explicaran las condiciones de vulnerabilidad de la comunidad en estudio y el riesgo al desastre por avalancha de materiales como piedras, barro, árboles y desechos sólidos depositados en el lecho del río, el cual por el efecto de las lluvias fuertes activaría la situación de riesgo. Entonces lo que la convierte en lugar riesgoso es el cerro que se encuentra colindando con el río. Este cerro por su constitución geológica y las abundantes lluvias, hacen que el cerro soporte un límite de agua volviéndose peligroso, pues este se parte y se desliza sobre el río, formando un embalse que vuelve mucha más peligrosa la situación. Para explicar las condiciones de vulnerabilidad, riesgo y desastre, ha sido necesario recurrir a fuentes secundarias como las apreciaciones escritas sobre los desastres de diferentes autores, preocupados por la situación que generalmente afecta a un sector de la población, en situación de pobreza y donde las políticas estatales para solventar el problema son escasas
This document investigates the factors that affect the population living at risk, since their homes are located on the margin of the Agres-San Rafael river micro-watershed, located in the canton of Escazú. In particular, we will investigate the population that is exposed to avalanches of rocks and mud that is located south of the canton, specifically in the district of San Antonio de Escazú, in this sector where the Agres-San Rafael micro-watershed is born. This area is at imminent risk in the event of a natural disaster. This research will explain the conditions of vulnerability of the community under study and the risk of disaster by avalanche of materials such as stones, mud, trees and solid waste deposited in the riverbed, which by the effect of heavy rains would activate the risk situation. So what makes it a risky place is the hill that is adjacent to the river. This hill, due to its geological constitution and the abundant rains, makes the hill support a limit of water, making it dangerous because it splits and slides over the river, forming a reservoir that makes the situation much more dangerous. In order to explain the conditions of vulnerability, risk and disaster, it has been necessary to resort to secondary sources such as the written appraisals on disasters by different authors, concerned about the situation that generally affects a sector of the population, in a situation of poverty and where the policies of the local population are not always in place.
This document investigates the factors that affect the population living at risk, since their homes are located on the margin of the Agres-San Rafael river micro-watershed, located in the canton of Escazú. In particular, we will investigate the population that is exposed to avalanches of rocks and mud that is located south of the canton, specifically in the district of San Antonio de Escazú, in this sector where the Agres-San Rafael micro-watershed is born. This area is at imminent risk in the event of a natural disaster. This research will explain the conditions of vulnerability of the community under study and the risk of disaster by avalanche of materials such as stones, mud, trees and solid waste deposited in the riverbed, which by the effect of heavy rains would activate the risk situation. So what makes it a risky place is the hill that is adjacent to the river. This hill, due to its geological constitution and the abundant rains, makes the hill support a limit of water, making it dangerous because it splits and slides over the river, forming a reservoir that makes the situation much more dangerous. In order to explain the conditions of vulnerability, risk and disaster, it has been necessary to resort to secondary sources such as the written appraisals on disasters by different authors, concerned about the situation that generally affects a sector of the population, in a situation of poverty and where the policies of the local population are not always in place.
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CATÁSTROFES NATURALES, ASPECTOS ECONÓMICOS, VIVIENDA, CALIDAD DE VIDA, PARTICIPACIÓN COMUNITARIA, NATURAL DISASTERS, ECONOMIC ASPECTOS, DWELLING, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, QUALITY OF LIFE